Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34968559›Full record

ArticleAppetite2022

Front-of-package claims & imagery on fruit-flavored drinks and exposure by household demographics.

Aviva A Musicus, Sophia V Hua, Alyssa J Moran, Emily W Duffy, Marissa G Hall, Christina A Roberto, Francesca R Dillman Carpentier, Sarah Sorscher, Margo G Wootan, Lindsey Smith Taillie and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Appetite, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. How pictorial warnings change parents' purchases of sugar-sweetened beverage for their children: mechanisms of impact.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023
    Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Primordial prevention: Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in racial/ethnic populations.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Aviva A MusicusDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: aam231@mail.harvard.edu.
Sophia V HuaDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Alyssa J MoranDepartment of Health Policy & Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Emily W DuffyDepartment of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health; Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Marissa G HallDepartment of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health; Carolina Population Center, And Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Christina A RobertoDepartment of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Francesca R Dillman CarpentierHussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Sarah SorscherCenter for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, DC, USA.
Margo G WootanMXG Strategies, LLC, Washington, DC, USA.
Lindsey Smith TaillieDepartment of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health; Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Eric B RimmDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

POPULATION STUDIEST32HD007168 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ELIZABETH A FRANKENBERG · 1985 to 2026
$13.8M
Carolina Population CenterR24HD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MORGAN, SAMUEL PHILIP · 2005 to 2014
$10.0M
Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
TRAINING GRANT IN ACADEMIC NUTRITIONT32DK007703 · NIDDK · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI CHRISTOPHER P DUGGAN, Frank B Hu · 1994 to 2026
$7.8M
The Harvard Chan Education Program in Cancer Prevention and ControlT32CA057711 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Karen M. Emmons, ANNE LINDSAY FRAZIER · 2019 to 2026
$3.3M
Designing and Evaluating High-Impact Pictorial Health Warnings for Food ProductsK01HL147713 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HALL, MARISSA · 2019 to 2023
$738k
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA057711NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL147713NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD050924NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007168NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007703
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Young children regularly consume sugary fruit drinks, in part because parents may falsely believe they are healthful due to front-of-package (FOP) claims and imagery. The goal of this study was to assess: 1) the prevalence of FOP claims/imagery on fruit-flavored beverages purchased by U.S. households with 0-5-year-olds, and 2) proportional differences in beverages purchased with FOP claims/imagery across household demographic groups. A content analysis of FOP claims/imagery (e.g., nutrient claims, fruit imagery) on beverages (n = 1365) purchased by households with 0-5-year-olds was conducted by linking beverage sales with FOP marketing data. Results were merged with purchasing data from a nationally representative sample of households (FoodAPS), and survey-weighted logistic regression was used to assess differences in the proportions of 100% juices and fruit drinks with specific FOP claims/imagery purchased by household race/ethnicity, income, and SNAP/WIC participation. The most common claims on fruit-flavored beverages included nutrient claims (fruit drinks: 73%; 100% juices: 68%; flavored waters: 95%), which most commonly highlighted vitamin C (35-41% across beverage categories) and the absence of sugar (31-48%). Most beverages also contained implied-natural claims (fruit drinks: 60%; 100% juices: 64%; flavored waters: 95%) and natural imagery (fruit drinks: 97%; 100% juices: 96%; flavored waters: 73%). A large proportion of fruit drinks and 100% juices purchased by households across all demographic groups contained FOP claims and imagery, with a few minor differences between racial/ethnic groups. In conclusion, most fruit drinks, 100% juices, and flavored waters purchased by households with 0-5-year-olds contained FOP claims and imagery that may lead consumers to believe the beverages are healthy and natural. FDA regulations should ensure parents are not misled by this marketing.

Indexed as

BeveragesFruitChildChild, PreschoolCommerceConsumer BehaviorFamily CharacteristicsHumansFood labelingFood marketingFront-of-package claimsFront-of-package imageryFruit drinksHealth claims

Identifiers

PMID34968559
PMCPMC8821268

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.