ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2022
Sex Differences in the Association of Pretransfusion Hemoglobin Levels with Brain Structure and Function in the Preterm Infant.
Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Tissue Oxygenation Changes After Transfusion and Outcomes in Preterm Infants: A Secondary Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study of the Transfusion of Prematures Randomized Clinical Trial (TOP NIRS).JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Neonatal phlebotomy-induced anemia compromises mitochondrial bioenergetics in the developing hippocampus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Biological sex and transfusion practices in the NICU.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- The transfusion of prematures early school age follow-up (TOP 5): protocol for a longitudinal cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the association of pretransfusion haemoglobin and cognition in preterm infants.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Observational
- Anemia, Iron Supplementation, and the Brain.Clinics in perinatology · 2023Review
- New frontiers in neonatal red blood cell transfusion research.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Review
- The Need to Address Sex as a Biological Variable in Neonatal Clinical Studies.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Impact of Early Hemoglobin Levels on Neurodevelopment Outcomes of Two-Year-Olds in Very Preterm Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess sex-specific differences in early brain structure and function of preterm infants after red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. STUDY
designA single-center subset of infants with a birth weight <1000 g and gestational age 22-29 weeks were enrolled from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Neonatal Research Network Transfusion of Prematures Trial. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration obtained directly before each transfusion (pretransfusion Hb [ptHb]) was obtained longitudinally throughout each infant's neonatal intensive care unit stay and used as a marker of degree of anemia (n = 97). Measures of regional brain volumes using magnetic resonance imaging were obtained at ∼40 weeks postmenstrual age or at hospital discharge, if earlier (n = 29). Measures of brain function were obtained at 12 months corrected age using the Bayley Scales of Infant & Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (n = 34).
resultsPtHb was positively correlated with neonatal cerebral white matter volume in males (B = +0.283; P = .006), but not females (B = -0.099; P = .713), resulting in a significant sex interaction (P = .010). Bayley-III gross motor scores and a pooled mean score were significantly lower in association with higher ptHb in females (gross motor score: B = -3.758; P = .013; pooled mean score: B = -1.225; P = .030), but not males (gross motor score: B = +1.758; P = .167; pooled mean score: B = +0.621; P = .359). Higher ptHb was associated with descriptively lower performance on multiple Bayley-III subscales in females, but not in males.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates sex-specific associations between an early marker of anemia and RBC transfusion status (ie, ptHb) with both neonatal white matter volume and early cognitive function at age 12 months in preterm infants.
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Registered trials
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