ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
Locoregional Extension Patterns of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Detected by FDG PET/MR.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Recent advances in PET/MR imaging for head and neck tumors: a systematic review of the last three years.La Radiologia medica · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic utility ofEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Trial
- Development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma target delineation: from two-dimensional radiotherapy to adaptive precision radiotherapy.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- Prognostic Value of Skull Base Foramen Invasion Subclassification in T Category Modification and Induction Chemotherapy Management for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Post-Hoc Analysis of a Dual-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes of chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with intermediate-risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a population-based analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2023Article
- The role of PET/CT in radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Brain Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report.Case reports in oncologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeWe sought to define the locoregional extension patterns of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) by positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to improve clinical target volume (CTV) delineation.
methodsBetween May 2017 and March 2021, 331 consecutive patients with nonmetastatic NPCs who underwent pretreatment, simultaneous whole-body PET/MRI for staging were included in this study.
resultsThe high-risk regions included the base of the sphenoid bone, the prestyloid compartment, prevertebral muscle, foramen lacerum, medial pterygoid plate, sphenoidal sinus, clivus, petrous apex, and foramen ovale. When the high-risk regions were invaded, the incidence rates of tumor invasion into the medium-risk regions increased. In contrast, when the high-risk regions were not involved, the incidence rates of tumor invasion into the medium-risk regions were mostly less than 10%, excluding the post-styloid compartment and oropharynx. According to the updated consensus guidelines of the neck node levels for head and neck tumors from 2013, level IIa (77.3%, 256/331), level IIb (75.8%, 251/331), and level VIIa (71.3%, 236/331) were the most frequently involved levels, followed by levels III (42.6%), Va (13.9%), IVa (8.8%), IVb (3.6%), Ib (3.6%), Vb (2.4%), VIIb (2.4%), VIII (1.8%), Vc (0.9%), and Xa (0.3%). Skip lymph node metastasis occurred in only 1.9% of patients.
conclusionsFor NPCs, primary disease and regional lymph node spread follow an orderly pattern, and a skip pattern of lymph node metastasis was unusual. Involved level radiotherapy might be feasible for cervical lymph node levels below the caudal border of cricoid cartilage and level VIIb.
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