Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34966531›Full record

ArticleFrontline gastroenterology2022

Widespread gaps in the quality of care for primary biliary cholangitis in UK.

Mathuri Sivakumar, Akash Gandhi, Eathar Shakweh, Yu Meng Li, Niloufar Safinia, Belinda Claire Smith, Aileen Marshall, Lucy Turner, Ashis Mukhopadhya, Hasan Nadim Haboubi and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontline gastroenterology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Treatment Goals for Primary Biliary Cholangitis, an Australian Perspective.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.

Mathuri SivakumarMedicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6847-7599
Akash GandhiGastroenterology, St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, London, UK.
Eathar ShakwehGastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Yu Meng LiGastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Niloufar SafiniaGastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Belinda Claire SmithHepatology and Gastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Aileen MarshallHepatology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Lucy TurnerGastroenterology, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, North Yorkshire, UK.
Ashis MukhopadhyaGastroenterology, Grampian University Hospitals NHS Trust, Aberdeen, UK.
Hasan Nadim HaboubiGastroenterology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
Rebecca VincentGastroenterology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
Huey Kuan TanGastroenterology, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK.
Laith AlrubaiyMedicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
David E J JonesMedicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust · GBCardiff and Vale University Health Board · GBSt Mark's Hospital · GBImperial College London · GBNewcastle University · GBNHS Grampian · GBRoyal Free London NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust · GBYork Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G1002000Medical Research Council MC_PC_19041Medical Research Council MR/L001489/1Wellcome Trust 211113/Z/18/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive, autoimmune, cholestatic liver disease affecting approximately 15 000 individuals in the UK. Updated guidelines for the management of PBC were published by The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) in 2017. We report on the first national, pilot audit that assesses the quality of care and adherence to guidelines.

designData were collected from 11 National Health Service hospitals in England, Wales and Scotland between 2017 and 2020. Data on patient demographics, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) dosing and key guideline recommendations were captured from medical records. Results from each hospital were evaluated for target achievement and underwent χ

results790 patients' medical records were reviewed. The data demonstrated that the majority of hospitals did not meet all of the recommended EASL standards. Standards with the lowest likelihood of being met were identified as optimal UDCA dosing, assessment of bone density and assessment of clinical symptoms (pruritus and fatigue). Significant variations in meeting these three standards were observed across UK, in addition to assessment of biochemical response to UDCA (all p<0.0001) and assessment of transplant eligibility in high-risk patients (p=0.0297).

conclusionOur findings identify a broad-based deficiency in 'real-world' PBC care, suggesting the need for an intervention to improve guideline adherence, ultimately improving patient outcomes. We developed the PBC Review tool and recommend its incorporation into clinical practice. As the first audit of its kind, it will be used to inform a future wide-scale reaudit.

Indexed as

autoimmune biliary diseaseautoimmune liver diseasecholestatic liver diseaseschronic liver diseaseliver cirrhosis

Identifiers

PMID34966531
PMCPMC8666861
OpenAlexW3133518923

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.