Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34966384›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Intrapleural Injection of Anti-PD1 Antibody: A Novel Management of Malignant Pleural Effusion.

Xinying Li, Guannan Wu, Cen Chen, Yuan Zhao, Suhua Zhu, Xincui Song, Jie Yin, Tangfeng Lv, Yong Song

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Intrapleural anti-PD-1 antibody for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion: a prospective, single-arm, single-center, phase I trial.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  3. Translational lung cancer research · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
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  8. [Research Progress on Local Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusion].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xinying LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Guannan WuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Cen ChenDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China.
Yuan ZhaoDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Suhua ZhuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Xincui SongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Jie YinDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Tangfeng LvDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Yong SongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command · CNNanjing University · CNSouthern Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Malignant tumors accompanied with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) often indicate poor prognosis. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of intrapleural injection of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) on MPE need to be explored. Methods: A preclinical MPE mouse model and a small clinical study were used to evaluate the effect of intrapleural injection of anti-PD1 antibody. The role of immune cells was observed Results: Intrathoracic injection of anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) has significantly prolonged the survival time of mice (P = 0.0098) and reduced the amount of effusion (P = 0.003) and the number of cancer nodules (P = 0.0043). Local CD8+ T cells participated in intrapleural administration of anti-PD1 mAb. The proportion of CD69+, IFN-γ+, and granzyme B+ CD8+ T cells in the pleural cavity was increased, and the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in MPE also developed significantly after injection. Local injection promoted activation of the CCL20/CCR6 pathway in the tumor microenvironment and further elevated the expression of several molecules related to lymphocyte activation. Clinically, the control rate of intrathoracic injection of sintilimab (a human anti-PD1 mAb) for 10 weeks in NSCLC patients with MPE was 66.7%. Local injection improved the activity and function of patients' local cytotoxic T cells (CTLs). Conclusions: Intrapleural injection of anti-PD1 mAb could control malignant pleural effusion and the growth of cancer, which may be achieved by enhancing local CTL activity and cytotoxicity.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalCarcinoma, Lewis LungCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCell Line, TumorHumansInjectionsLung NeoplasmsMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPleural CavityPleural Effusion, MalignantProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicTumor MicroenvironmentAntibodies, MonoclonalPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptoranti-PD1cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)intrapleural injectionmalignant pleural effusion (MPE)tumor microenvironment (TME)

Identifiers

PMID34966384
PMCPMC8711587
OpenAlexW4200013291

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.