ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2021
Six Air Pollutants Associated With Increased Risk of Thyroid Nodules: A Study of 4.9 Million Chinese Adults.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Environmental Air Pollution and Thyroid Cancer and Nodules: A Systematic Review.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Pooled it
- Health Risk and Pathogenesis of PMToxics · 2026Review
- Impact of fine particulate matter (PMiScience · 2026Review
- Association of ambient air pollutants with maternal thyroid hormones during the entire pregnancy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Continued rise in the incidence of thyroid cancer in Iran: true increase or overdiagnosis?Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Perinatal Exposures to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Outdoor Artificial Light at Night and Risk of Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Cancer.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Association between long-term exposure to PMEnvironmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- The impact of air pollutants on the risk of goiter based on a 9-year time series data.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association between air pollutants, thyroid disorders, and thyroid hormone levels: a scoping review of epidemiological evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Enhancing diagnostic precision in thyroid nodule assessment: evaluating the efficacy of a novel cell preservation technique in fine-needle aspiration cytology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Risk factors associated with the prevalence of thyroid nodules in adults in Northeast China: a cross-sectional population-based study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Effects of the abdominal fat distribution on the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and thyroid hormones among Korean adult males.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Type 2 diabetes and thyroid cancer: Synergized risk with rising air pollution.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- Socioeconomic disparity in the association between fine particulate matter exposure and papillary thyroid cancer.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Effect of the Marine Exercise Retreat Program on Thyroid-Related Hormones in Middle-Aged Euthyroid Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Factors responsible for the persistence of Hypothyroidism among Pakistani Women.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Thyroid nodules has become a significant public health issue worldwide with a rapidly increasing prevalence. However, its association with outdoor air pollution remains poorly understood. We aim to investigate the relationship between six outdoor air pollutants (PM Methods: We utilized a database including 4,920,536 participants who attended the annual physical examinations in the Meinian HealthCare Screening Center in 157 Chinese cities in 2017. City-specific concentrations of six pollutants (PM Results: Approximately 38% of the participants (1,869,742) were diagnosed with thyroid nodules. Each of the six air pollutants was significantly and linearly associated with the risk for thyroid nodules. The adjusted odds ratios [95% CI] for every increase of 10 μg/m Conclusion: The six air pollutants may contribute to the high prevalence of thyroid nodules in China.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.