Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34965805›Full record

ArticleVeterinary pathology2022

Computer-assisted mitotic count using a deep learning-based algorithm improves interobserver reproducibility and accuracy.

Christof A Bertram, Marc Aubreville, Taryn A Donovan, Alexander Bartel, Frauke Wilm, Christian Marzahl, Charles-Antoine Assenmacher, Kathrin Becker, Mark Bennett, Sarah Corner and 23 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary pathology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Artificial intelligence predictsVeterinary pathology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors at 14 institutions in 4 countries.

Christof A BertramUniversity of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-2402-9997
Marc AubrevilleTechnische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5294-5247
Taryn A DonovanAnimal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5740-9550
Alexander BartelFreie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1280-6138
Frauke WilmFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Christian MarzahlFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Charles-Antoine AssenmacherUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Kathrin BeckerUniversity of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0922-8189
Mark BennettSynlab's VPG Histology, Bristol, UK.
Sarah CornerMichigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.
Brieuc CossicIdorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Daniela DenkLudwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
Martina DettwilerUniversity of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-9404-7122
Beatriz Garcia GonzalezSynlab's VPG Histology, Bristol, UK.
Corinne GurtnerUniversity of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Ann-Kathrin HaverkampUniversity of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
Annabelle HeierIDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0915-4236
Annika LehmbeckerIDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany.
Sophie MerzIDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany.
Erica L NolandMichigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.
Stephanie PlogSynlab's VPG Histology, Bristol, UK.
Anja SchmidtIDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany.
Franziska SebastianIDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany.
Dodd G SledgeMichigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.
Rebecca C SmedleyMichigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5704-2664
Marco TecillaRoche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland.
Tuddow ThaiwongMichigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.
Andrea Fuchs-BaumgartingerUniversity of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Donald J MeutenNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Katharina BreiningerFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Matti KiupelMichigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.
Andreas MaierFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Robert KlopfleischFreie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6308-0568
Michigan State University · USIDEXX Laboratories (Germany) · DEFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg · DEFreie Universität Berlin · DEUniversity of Bern · CHUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation · DEUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Vienna · ATIdorsia (Switzerland) · CHLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DENorth Carolina State University · USRoche (Switzerland) · CHTechnische Hochschule Ingolstadt · DEThe Schwarzman Animal Medical Center · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mitotic count (MC) is an important histological parameter for prognostication of malignant neoplasms. However, it has inter- and intraobserver discrepancies due to difficulties in selecting the region of interest (MC-ROI) and in identifying or classifying mitotic figures (MFs). Recent progress in the field of artificial intelligence has allowed the development of high-performance algorithms that may improve standardization of the MC. As algorithmic predictions are not flawless, computer-assisted review by pathologists may ensure reliability. In the present study, we compared partial (MC-ROI preselection) and full (additional visualization of MF candidates and display of algorithmic confidence values) computer-assisted MC analysis to the routine (unaided) MC analysis by 23 pathologists for whole-slide images of 50 canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs). Algorithmic predictions aimed to assist pathologists in detecting mitotic hotspot locations, reducing omission of MFs, and improving classification against imposters. The interobserver consistency for the MC significantly increased with computer assistance (interobserver correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.92) compared to the unaided approach (ICC = 0.70). Classification into prognostic stratifications had a higher accuracy with computer assistance. The algorithmically preselected hotspot MC-ROIs had a consistently higher MCs than the manually selected MC-ROIs. Compared to a ground truth (developed with immunohistochemistry for phosphohistone H3), pathologist performance in detecting individual MF was augmented when using computer assistance (F1-score of 0.68 increased to 0.79) with a reduction in false negatives by 38%. The results of this study demonstrate that computer assistance may lead to more reproducible and accurate MCs in ccMCTs.

Indexed as

Deep LearningAlgorithmsAnimalsArtificial IntelligenceDogsHumansPathologistsReproducibility of Resultsartificial intelligenceautomated image analysiscanine cutaneous mast cell tumorscomputer assistancedeep learningdigital pathologymitotic countmitotic figures

Identifiers

PMID34965805
PMCPMC8928234
OpenAlexW4200440101

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.