SynthesisPalliative medicine2022
Pain assessment tools in paediatric palliative care: A systematic review of psychometric properties and recommendations for clinical practice.
Synthesis in Palliative medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pain assessment tools for use in infants: a meta-review.BMC pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Optimizing Pediatric Drug Therapy: Pediatric Pharmacokinetics and Administration Routes.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2026Article
- AI-Driven vision large language framework for pediatric pain assessment.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Pain assessment in non-verbal children with neurocognitive impairment: a review on current tools, challenges, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Establishing Consensus on the Breakthrough Pain Assessment Questionnaire-Self Report (BTPAQ-SR) for Typically Developing Children and Young People (8-25 yrs) with Life-Limiting and Life-Threatening Conditions: An International e-Delphi Study of Expert Healthcare Professionals.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Using a Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Questionnaire to Assess Postoperative Care Following Pediatric Outpatient Surgery.Paediatric anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of origami and puzzle game in alleviating dental anxiety and pain perception during local anesthesia administration in children: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine · 2025Article
- Assessment of delirium in Indonesian pediatric intensive care unit: a psychometric evaluation of the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Current situation and influencing factors of palliative care practice ability among oncology nurses: A multicenter cross-sectional study.International journal of nursing sciences · 2025Article
- Self-reported pain assessment, core competence and practice ability for palliative care among Chinese oncology nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- A randomised controlled trial to compare the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in early versus conventional feeding in children undergoing daycare surgery under general anaesthesia.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Patient-reported outcome measures in children, adolescents, and young adults with palliative care needs-a scoping review.BMC palliative care · 2023Article
- Pediatric Palliative Care: Insights into Assessment Tools andReview Instruments.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAssessing pain in infants, children and young people with life-limiting conditions remains a challenge due to diverse patient conditions, types of pain and often a reduced ability or inability of patients to communicate verbally.
aimTo systematically identify pain assessment tools that are currently used in paediatric palliative care and examine their psychometric properties and feasibility and make recommendations for clinical practice.
designA systematic literature review and evaluation of psychometric properties of pain assessment tools of original peer-reviewed research published from inception of data sources to April 2021. DATA SOURCES: PsycINFO via ProQuest, Web of Science Core, Medline via Ovid, EMBASE, BIOSIS and CINAHL were searched from inception to April 2021. Hand searches of reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews were performed.
resultsFrom 1168 articles identified, 201 papers were selected for full-text assessment. Thirty-four articles met the eligibility criteria and we examined the psychometric properties of 22 pain assessment tools. Overall, the Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) had high cross-cultural validity, construct validity (hypothesis testing) and responsiveness; while the Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale and Paediatric Pain Profile (PPP) had high internal consistency, criterion validity, reliability and responsiveness. The number of studies per psychometric property of each pain assessment tool was limited and the methodological quality of included studies was low.
conclusionBalancing aspects of feasibility and psychometric properties, the FPS-R is recommended for self-assessment, and the FLACC scale/FLACC Revised and PPP are the recommended observational tools in their respective age groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.