Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34963891›Full record

ArticleACS central science2021

Engineered Ribosyl-1-Kinase Enables Concise Synthesis of Molnupiravir, an Antiviral for COVID-19.

John A McIntosh, Tamas Benkovics, Steven M Silverman, Mark A Huffman, Jongrock Kong, Peter E Maligres, Tetsuji Itoh, Hao Yang, Deeptak Verma, Weilan Pan and 11 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS central science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed
9.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 184 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Enhancing the Activity of Ribokinase fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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  4. Promiscuity-Guided Enzyme Evolution via Substrate Multiplexed Screening.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
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  5. AnOrganic letters · 2026
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  12. Integrated Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of the mRNA Vaccine Building Block NAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Article
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  14. An Update: Enzymatic Synthesis for Industrial Applications.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Biosynthesis of Macrocyclic Peptides by Formation and Crosslinking ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

John A McIntoshDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9487-490X
Tamas BenkovicsDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Steven M SilvermanDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-7071
Mark A HuffmanDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Jongrock KongDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Peter E MaligresDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2237-9002
Tetsuji ItohDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Hao YangDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Deeptak VermaDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0740-0624
Weilan PanDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Hsing-I HoDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Jonathan VroomCodexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, United States.
Anders M KnightCodexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, United States.
Jessica A HurtakCodexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, United States.
Artis KlaparsDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Anna FryszkowskaDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-1497
William J MorrisDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-4509
Neil A StrotmanDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-8735
Grant S MurphyDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.
Kevin M MaloneyDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-5422
Patrick S FierDepartment of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6102-815X
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States) · USCodexis (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Molnupiravir (MK-4482) is an investigational antiviral agent that is under development for the treatment of COVID-19. Given the potential high demand and urgency for this compound, it was critical to develop a short and sustainable synthesis from simple raw materials that would minimize the time needed to manufacture and supply molnupiravir. The route reported here is enabled through the invention of a novel biocatalytic cascade featuring an engineered ribosyl-1-kinase and uridine phosphorylase. These engineered enzymes were deployed with a pyruvate-oxidase-enabled phosphate recycling strategy. Compared to the initial route, this synthesis of molnupiravir is 70% shorter and approximately 7-fold higher yielding. Looking forward, the biocatalytic approach to molnupiravir outlined here is anticipated to have broad applications for streamlining the synthesis of nucleosides in general.

Identifiers

PMID34963891
PMCPMC8704035
OpenAlexW3210285787

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.