Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34961843›Full record

ArticleSSM - population health2022

The unequal burden of the Covid-19 pandemic: Capturing racial/ethnic disparities in US cause-specific mortality.

Anneliese N Luck, Samuel H Preston, Irma T Elo, Andrew C Stokes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in SSM - population health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Trust and Health Equity-Lessons from the COVID- 19 Pandemic.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Empowering nurses to champion Health equity & BE FAIR: Bias elimination for fair and responsible AI in healthcare.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Anneliese N LuckDepartment of Sociology and Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Samuel H PrestonDepartment of Sociology and Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Irma T EloDepartment of Sociology and Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Andrew C StokesDepartment of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

GRADUATE TRAINING IN DEMOGRAPHYT32HD007242 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MICHEL GUILLOT · 1985 to 2026
$6.6M
Sci-Tech Core-Population Dynamics Research CenterP2CHD044964 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI EMILIO ALBERTO PARRADO · 2018 to 2026
$5.3M
Causes of Geographic Divergence in American Mortality Between 1990 and 2015: Health Behaviors, Health Care Access and MigrationR01AG060115 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ELO, IRMA T. · 2018 to 2022
$1.9M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060115NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD044964NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007242
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite a growing body of literature focused on racial/ethnic disparities in Covid-19 mortality, few previous studies have examined the pandemic's impact on 2020 cause-specific mortality by race and ethnicity. This paper documents changes in mortality by underlying cause of death and race/ethnicity between 2019 and 2020. Using age-standardized death rates, we attribute changes for Black, Hispanic, and White populations to various underlying causes of death and show how these racial and ethnic patterns vary by age and sex. We find that although Covid-19 death rates in 2020 were highest in the Hispanic community, Black individuals faced the largest increase in all-cause mortality between 2019 and 2020. Exceptionally large increases in mortality from heart disease, diabetes, and external causes of death accounted for the adverse trend in all-cause mortality within the Black population. Within Black and White populations, percentage increases in all-cause mortality were similar for men and women, as well as for ages 25-64 and 65+. Among the Hispanic population, however, percentage increases in mortality were greatest for working-aged men. These findings reveal that the overall impact of the pandemic on racial/ethnic disparities in mortality was much larger than that captured by official Covid-19 death counts alone.

Indexed as

Covid-19InequalityMortalityPublic healthRace/ethnicity

Identifiers

PMID34961843
PMCPMC8697426

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.