ArticleViruses2021
Establishment of Outbreak Thresholds for Hepatitis A in South Africa Using Laboratory Surveillance, 2017-2020.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Pediatric Populations in South Africa.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Molecular characterisation of hepatitis A in the Western Cape province, South Africa in 2023.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Exploring the Epidemiological Surveillance of Hepatitis A in South Africa: A 2023 Perspective.Viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- Simple methods for early warnings of COVID-19 surges: Lessons learned from 21 months of wastewater and clinical data collection in Detroit, Michigan, United States.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Prognostic factors and scoring systems associated with outcome in pediatric acute liver failure.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As South Africa transitions from endemic to intermediate endemicity, hepatitis A surveillance needs strengthening to monitor trends in disease incidence and to identify outbreaks. We used passive laboratory-based surveillance data from the National Health Laboratory Services to calculate national hepatitis A incidence and to establish thresholds for outbreaks. Incidence was calculated by age and geographic location. The static threshold used two or three standard deviations (SDs) above the mean hepatitis A incidence in 2017-2019, and a cumulative summation (CuSum2) threshold used three SDs above the mean of the preceding seven months. These thresholds were applied to hepatitis A data for 2020. From 2017 to 2020, the mean incidence of hepatitis A IgM was 4.06/100,000 and ranged from 4.23 to 4.85/100,000 per year. Hepatitis A incidence was highest in the Western Cape province (WCP) (7.00-10.92/100,000 per year). The highest incidence was in the 1-9-year-olds. The incidence of hepatitis A in 2020 exceeded the static threshold in two districts of the WCP: Cape Winelands in January and Overberg district in August. The provincial incidence did not exceed the static and CuSum2 thresholds. District-level analysis using either threshold was sensitive enough to monitor trends and to alert district health authorities, allowing early outbreak responses.
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