ArticleViruses2021
Single-Cell and Bulk RNASeq Profiling of COVID-19 Patients Reveal Immune and Inflammatory Mechanisms of Infection-Induced Organ Damage.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- DENetwork unveils non-differentially expressed genes with functional relevance across conditions through information flow perturbation.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
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- Dose-Dependent PFESA-BP2 Exposure Increases Risk of Liver Toxicity and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Unlocking the Potential of RNA Sequencing in COVID-19: Toward Accurate Diagnosis and Personalized Medicine.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- STING Orchestrates EV-D68 Replication and Immunometabolism within Viral-Induced Replication Organelles.Viruses · 2024Article
- A therapy for suppressing canonical and noncanonical SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and an intrinsic intrapulmonary inflammatory response.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Analysis of transcriptomics data from COVID-19 patients: a pilot research.Folia microbiologica · 2024Article
- Immunologic and inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its implications in renal disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immune cell identifier and classifier (ImmunIC) for single cell transcriptomic readouts.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Identification of key differentially expressed genes in SARS-CoV-2 using RNA-seq analysis with a systems biology approach.Cytokine · 2023Article
- Structural and non-structural proteins in SARS-CoV-2: potential aspects to COVID-19 treatment or prevention of progression of related diseases.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Identification of Genes Associated with Decreasing Abundance of Monocytes in Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Organotypic heterogeneity in microvascular endothelial cell responses in sepsis-a molecular treasure trove and pharmacological Gordian knot.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Molecular signatures in the progression of COVID-19 severity.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Rational drug repositioning for coronavirus-associated diseases using directional mapping and side-effect inference.iScience · 2022Article
- Article
- Obesity and metabolic dysfunction drive sex-associated differential disease profiles in hACE2-mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2.iScience · 2022Article
- RNA sequence analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs from asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- Rlip Protein: A Potential Target for COVID-19.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus's ability to induce hypercytokinemia and cause multiple organ failure makes it imperative to find effective treatments. To understand the mechanism of viral infection and its effects on organ tissues, we analyzed multiple single-cell and bulk RNAseq data from COVID-19 patients' organ samples. Various levels of severity of infection were accounted for, with comparative analyses between mild, moderate, and severely infected patients. Our analysis uncovered an upregulation of the innate immune response via several inflammatory genes, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, and NF-κB. Consequently, we found that the upregulation of these downstream effects can lead to organ injury. The downregulated pathways such as eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) and eIF4-mediated host translation, were found to lead to an increased viral translation. We also found that the loss of inhibitory peptides can suppress an overactive innate immune response via NF-κB and interleukin-mediated pathways. Investigation of viral-host protein mapping showed that the interaction of viral proteins with host proteins correlated with the down- and upregulation of host pathways such as decreased eIF2-mediated host translation and increased hypertrophy and fibrosis. Inflammation was increased via the stimulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppression of host translation pathways that led to reduced inflammatory inhibitors. Cardiac hypertrophy and organ fibrosis were the results of increased inflammation in organs of severe and critical patients. Finally, we identified potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of COVID-19 and its deleterious effects on organs. Further experimental investigation would conclusively determine the effects of COVID-19 infection on organs other than the lungs and the effectiveness of the proposed therapeutic targets.
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