Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34960152›Full record

ArticleVaccines2021

Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Yingjie Weng, Di Lu, Jenna Bollyky, Vivek Jain, Manisha Desai, Christina Lindan, Derek Boothroyd, Timothy Judson, Sarah B Doernberg, Marisa Holubar and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Perspectives of COVID-19 vaccine-hesitant emergency department patients to inform messaging platforms to promote vaccine uptake.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Yingjie WengQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Di LuQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Jenna BollykyDivision of Primary Care & Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2037-2843
Vivek JainDivision of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
Manisha DesaiQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6949-2651
Christina LindanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94134, USA.
Derek BoothroydQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Timothy JudsonDivision of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8376-6260
Sarah B DoernbergDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco CA 94117, USA.
Marisa HolubarDivision of Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Hannah SampleDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco CA 94134, USA.
Beatrice HuangDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6425-681X
Yvonne MaldonadoDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
George W RutherfordDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94134, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0707-8287
Kevin GrumbachDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
On Behalf Of The California Pandemic Consortium
Stanford University · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USSan Francisco General Hospital · US

Funding

Stanford Center for Clinical & Translational Education and Research (Spectrum)UL1TR003142 · NCATS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI O'HARA, RUTH M · 2019 to 2023
$45.0M
Development of an Open-Source and Data-Driven Modeling Platform to Monitor and Forecast Disease ActivityR01GM130668 · NIGMS · NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY · PI SANTILLANA, MAURICIO · 2018 to 2022
$1.9M
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (United States) 000000000National Institutes of Health, Community Engagement Alliance Against COVID-19 Disparities program 21-312-0217571-66106LNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR003142NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM130668
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe study was designed to compare intentions to receive COVID-19 vaccination by race-ethnicity, to identify beliefs that may mediate the association between race-ethnicity and intention to receive the vaccine and to identify the demographic factors and beliefs most strongly predictive of intention to receive a vaccine.

designCross-sectional survey conducted from November 2020 to January 2021, nested within a longitudinal cohort study of the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among a general population-based sample of adults in six San Francisco Bay Area counties (called TrackCOVID). Study Cohort: In total, 3161 participants among the 3935 in the TrackCOVID parent cohort responded.

resultsRates of high vaccine willingness were significantly lower among Black (41%), Latinx (55%), Asian (58%), Multi-racial (59%), and Other race (58%) respondents than among White respondents (72%). Black, Latinx, and Asian respondents were significantly more likely than White respondents to endorse lack of trust of government and health agencies as a reason not to get vaccinated. Participants' motivations and concerns about COVID-19 vaccination only partially explained racial-ethnic differences in vaccination willingness. Concerns about a rushed government vaccine approval process and potential bad reactions to the vaccine were the two most important factors predicting vaccination intention.

conclusionsVaccine outreach campaigns must ensure that the disproportionate toll of COVID-19 on historically marginalized racial-ethnic communities is not compounded by inequities in vaccination. Efforts must emphasize messages that speak to the motivations and concerns of groups suffering most from health inequities to earn their trust to support informed decision making.

Indexed as

COVID-19 vaccine intentionLASSOmediatorsrace–ethnicity

Identifiers

PMID34960152
PMCPMC8705240
OpenAlexW3216117964

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.