ArticleVaccines2021
Immunogenicity and Safety of an Intradermal BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine Booster after Two Doses of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Healthy Population.
Article in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of heterologous (third dose) booster vaccination with a full or fractional dose of two different COVID-19 vaccines: A phase 4, single-blind, randomized controlled trial in adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Immunogenicity of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 to Ancestral Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and the Omicron Variant in Adults Who Received 2 Doses of Inactivated Vaccine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of accelerated regimens of fractional intradermal COVID-19 vaccinations.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of intradermal versus classical intramuscular COVID-19 vaccine administration: Specific concern on update situation due to emerging Omicron variant.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tailoring mRNA lipid nanoparticles for antifungal vaccines.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Safety and immunogenicity of Ad5-nCoV administered intradermally by needle-free injector in rats.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Carrier-free mRNA vaccine induces robust immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and non-human primates without systemic reactogenicity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Coagulation and inflammatory response after intramuscular or intradermal mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: secondary analysis of a randomized trial.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- Intradermal Fractional ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Booster Vaccine Induces Memory T Cells: A Follow-Up Study.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- mRNA vaccine designs for optimal adjuvanticity and delivery.RNA biology · 2024Review
- Immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticles and its impact on the efficacy of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Comparison of Immune Responses between Inactivated and mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Used for a Booster Dose in Mice.Viruses · 2023Article
- Infections associated with SARS-CoV-2 exploited via nanoformulated photodynamic therapy.ADMET & DMPK · 2023Review
- Article
- Towards novel nano-based vaccine platforms for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern: Advances, challenges and limitations.Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2022Review
- Article
- Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Fractional Intradermal COVID-19 Vaccines as a Booster: A Pilot Study.Vaccines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Effective vaccine coverage is urgently needed to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. Inactivated vaccines have been introduced in many countries for emergency usage, but have only provided limited protection. Heterologous vaccination is a promising strategy to maximise vaccine immunogenicity. Here, we conducted a phase I, randomised control trial to observe the safety and immunogenicity after an intradermal boost, using a fractional dosage (1:5) of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in healthy participants in Songkhla, Thailand. In total, 91 volunteers who had been administered with two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (CoronaVac) were recruited into the study, and then randomised (1:1:1) to received different regimens of the third dose. An intramuscular booster with a full dose of BNT162b2 was included as a conventional control, and a half dose group was included as reciprocal comparator. Both, immediate and delayed adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) were monitored. Humoral and cellular immune responses were examined to observe the booster effects. The intradermal booster provided significantly fewer systemic side effects, from 70% down to 19.4% (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.