ArticleNutrients2021
Macronutrient Intake in Adults Diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome: Using the Health Examinee (HEXA) Cohort.
Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The association between dietary protein intake and metabolic syndrome: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Intakes of Dairy and Soy Products and 10-Year Coronary Heart Disease Risk in Korean Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Carbohydrate Intake Levels and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Populations: A Prospective Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Identification of nutrition factors in the metabolic syndrome and its progression over time in older adults: analysis of the TUDA cohort.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Associations between Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: Findings of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Assessing Dietary Intakes from Household Budget Survey in Armenia, 2008-2019.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Personalized Metabolic Avatar: A Data Driven Model of Metabolism for Weight Variation Forecasting and Diet Plan Evaluation.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Dietary total, plant and animal protein intake in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macronutrient intake is important in the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to evaluate total energy and macronutrient intake of participants diagnosed with MetS at recruitment of the health examinees (HEXA) cohort, considering the plant and animal sources of each macronutrient. We included 130,423 participants aged 40-69 years for analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated to evaluate the intake of macronutrients stratified by gender. Energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by linking food frequency questionnaire data to the Korean food composition database, and were calculated separately for plant and animal foods. Low energy (men: OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98; women: OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), and fat intake (men: OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90-0.96; women: OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.77-0.83) were observed. Only postmenopausal women had lower intake of total energy (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97), whereas low fat intake was observed in all women (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.77-0.83). For carbohydrate intake, the OR were 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-1.22) and 1.17 (95% CI: 1.08-1.27) among women in their 50s and 60s, respectively. Protein intake was low (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95; and OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82-0.94) among women in their 50s and 60s, respectively. High intake of plant carbohydrates in women (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.12-1.20), and plant protein in both genders (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.13) were observed, but low intake of total energy, fat, and animal-source carbohydrates in both genders was also observed. Fat intake was low regardless of food source. In conclusion, high consumption of plant-source macronutrients, and low consumption of animal-source macronutrients was observed in Korean adults diagnosed with MetS. Attention should be directed to plant sources of carbohydrates and proteins when designing population interventions for metabolic syndrome reduction in Korea.
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