ArticleNutrients2021
Assessment of Food Sources and the Intake of the Colourless Carotenoids Phytoene and Phytofluene in Spain.
Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Carotenoids in the Context of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern: From Food Matrix and Bioavailability to Biomarkers and Human Health.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tomato-Derived Lycopene: From Phytochemistry and Extraction Technologies to Bioavailability and Nutraceutical Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Lycopene in male infertility.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Safety of yellow tomato extract as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- An overview of the nutritional quality and health benefits linked to the world diversity of citrus fruits/juices.Journal of food science · 2025Review
- Preliminary Assessment of the Protective and Antitumor Effects of Several Phytoene-Containing Bacterial and Microalgal Extracts in Colorectal Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Phytoene and Phytoene-Rich Microalgae Extracts Extend Lifespan inAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Update on Carotenoid Colorants from Plants and Microalgae: Challenges and Advances from Research Laboratories to Industry.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Carotenoid Markers of Dietary Exposure and Nutritional Status.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Safety of yellow/orange tomato extract as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- The Interindividual Variability of Phytofluene Bioavailability is Associated with a Combination of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2023Article
- Sustainable Valorization of Tomato Pomace (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Study on the Drying Technology of Tomato Pulp with Phytoene, Phytofluene and Lycopene Retention as Inspection Indexes.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Phytoene (PT) and phytofluene (PTF), colorless carotenoids, have largely been ignored in food science studies, food technology, and nutrition. However, they are present in commonly consumed foods and may have health-promotion effects and possible uses as cosmetics. The goal of this study is to assess the most important food sources of PT and PTF and their dietary intakes in a representative sample of the adult Spanish population. A total of 62 food samples were analyzed (58 fruit and vegetables; seven items with different varieties/color) and carotenoid data of four foods (three fruits and one processed food) were compiled. PT concentration was higher than that of PTF in all the foods analyzed. The highest PT content was found in carrot, apricot, commercial tomato juice, and orange (7.3, 2.8, 2.0, and 1.1 mg/100 g, respectively). The highest PTF level was detected in carrots, commercial tomato sauce and canned tomato, apricot, and orange juice (1.7, 1.2, 1.0, 0.6, and 0.04 mg/100 g, respectively). The daily intakes of PT and PTF were 1.89 and 0.47 mg/person/day, respectively. The major contributors to the dietary intake of PT (98%) and PTF (73%) were: carrot, tomato, orange/orange juice, apricot, and watermelon. PT and PTF are mainly supplied by vegetables (81% and 69%, respectively). Considering the color of the edible part of the foods analyzed (fruit, vegetables, sauces, and beverages), the major contributor to the daily intake of PT and PTF (about 98%) were of red/orange color.
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Registered trials
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