ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Antiprotozoal Effect of Snake Venoms and Their Fractions: A Systematic Review.
Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- BrazilianToxins · 2026Article
- NanoformulatedNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insights into the Role of Proteolytic and Adhesive Domains of Snake Venom Metalloproteinases fromToxins · 2025Article
- Molecular interaction assaysThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Biomedical and Biotechnological Potential of Animal Venoms:Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Antimalarial efficacy ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Article
- Occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Brazilian veterinary hospital environment.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2023Article
- Toxins from Animal Venoms as a Potential Source of Antimalarials: A Comprehensive Review.Toxins · 2023Review
- The Potassium Channel Blocker β-Bungarotoxin from the KraitBiomedicines · 2023Article
- Comparative Study of the Effect of Snake Venoms on the Growth of Ciliates Tetrahymena pyriformis: Identification of Venoms with High Antiprotozoal Activity.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProtozoal infection is a lingering public health issue of great concern, despite efforts to produce drugs and vaccines against it. Recent breakthrough research has discovered alternative antiprotozoal agents encompassing the use of snake venoms and their components to cure these infections. This study collated the existing literature to examine the antiprotozoal effect of snake venoms and their fractions.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched from their inception until 13 October 2021. Articles were screened at the title, abstract and full-text phases. Some additional studies were obtained through the manual search process.
resultsWe identified 331 studies via the electronic database and manual searches, of which 55 reporting the antiprotozoal effect of snake venoms and their components were included in the review. Around 38% of studies examined the effect of whole crude venoms, and a similar percentage evaluated the effect of a proportion of enzymatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2). In particular, this review reports around 36 PLA2 activities and 29 snake crude venom activities. We also report the notable phenomenon of synergism with PLA2 isoforms of
conclusionThis study highlights the impact of snake venoms and their fractions on controlling protozoal infections and suggests the need to examine further the effectiveness of other venom components, such as metalloproteinase, serine protease and three-finger toxins. Future research questions in this field must be redirected toward synergism in snake venom components, based on pharmacological usage and in the context of toxicology. Ascertaining the effects of snake venoms and their components on other protozoal species that have not yet been studied is imperative.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.