ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Advanced Hydrogels for the Controlled Delivery of Insulin.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Hydrogel-enabled drug delivery for ulcerative colitis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Molecular Portrait of Autoantigens in Type 1 Diabetes.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Cellulose-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Sustainable Approach.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Nanomachine Networks: Functional All-Enzyme Hydrogels from Photochemical Cross-Linking of Glucose Oxidase.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Advancements in insulin delivery: the potential of natural polymers for improved diabetes management.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Innovative Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Enriched Hydrogels for Enhanced Topical Delivery of L-Glutathione: A Novel Approach to Anti-Ageing.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Hydrogel-based approaches to target hypersensitivity mechanisms underlying autoimmune disease.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Electroresponsive Thiol-Yne Click-Hydrogels for Insulin Smart Delivery: Tackling Sustained Release and Leakage Control.ACS applied polymer materials · 2024Article
- Advances in Nanomedicine for Precision Insulin Delivery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- A review on oral novel delivery systems of insulin through the novel delivery system formulations: A review.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Thermo-Sensitive mPEG-PA-PLL Hydrogel for Drug Release of Calcitonin.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Current and Future Prospective of Injectable Hydrogels-Design Challenges and Limitations.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Recent advances in glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems: novel hydrogels and future applications.Regenerative biomaterials · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin is a peptide hormone that is key to regulating physiological glucose levels. Its molecular size and susceptibility to conformational change under physiological pH make it challenging to orally administer insulin in diabetes. The most effective route for insulin delivery remains daily injection. Unfortunately, this results in poor patient compliance and increasing the risk of micro- and macro-vascular complications and thus rising morbidity and mortality rates in diabetics. The use of 3D hydrogels has been used with much interest for various biomedical applications. Hydrogels can mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and retain large quantities of water with tunable properties, which renders them suitable for administering a wide range of sensitive therapeutics. Several studies have demonstrated the fixation of insulin within the structural mesh of hydrogels as a bio-scaffold for the controlled delivery of insulin. This review provides a concise incursion into recent developments for the safe and effective controlled delivery of insulin using advanced hydrogel platforms with a special focus on sustained release injectable formulations. Various hydrogel platforms in terms of their methods of synthesis, properties, and unique features such as stimuli responsiveness for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus are critically appraised. Key criteria for classifying hydrogels are also outlined together with future trends in the field.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.