ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Gelatin-Alginate Coacervates Optimized by DOE to Improve Delivery of bFGF for Wound Healing.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomimetic Coacervate Coatings: From Phase Separation Fundamentals to Advanced Biomedical Applications.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Angiogenic apoptotic vesicle-laden silk fibroin /sodium alginate hydrogel for pulp regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Coacervate-Based Delivery Systems: Bridging Fundamentals and Applications.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Review
- Article
- Stability Enhancement of Freeze-Dried Gelatin/Alginate Coacervates for bFGF Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations-An Overview.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metabolic disorders in diabetic patients are associated with altered protein and lipid metabolism and defects in granulation tissue formation, resulting in non-healing wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Growth factors have essential roles in tissue re-epithelization and angiogenesis during wound healing. In this study, a complex coacervate was evaluated as an enhanced delivery system for fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to control its release rate and protect it from proteases. Coacervates composed of gelatin Type A (GA) and sodium alginate (SA) were optimized by the Design of Experiments (DOE), with the polymer ratio and the medium's pH as the independent variables, and turbidity, particle size, polydispersity index, and encapsulation efficiency (EE, %) as the responses. The optimized coacervate protected bFGF from trypsin digestion and showed controlled release compared with bFGF in solution or a physical mixture of GA and SA. It enhanced the viability, migration, and procollagen I C-terminal propeptide synthesis of human dermal fibroblasts in hyperglycemic conditions. In summary, the DOE approach was successfully applied to optimize bFGF GA-SA coacervates as a potential novel therapeutic modality to treat DFU.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.