ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Stimuli-Responsive Polymers for Transdermal, Transmucosal and Ocular Drug Delivery.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Film-Forming Gels for Topical Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Formulation on Film Performance, Drug Release, and Skin Permeation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Stimuli-Responsive Nanocarriers for Transdermal siRNA Delivery: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Harnessing nanofibers for targeted delivery of phytoconstituents in age-related macular degeneration.Drug delivery · 2025Review
- Comprehensive insights into the role of nanocarriers in advancing azole-based ocular therapeutics.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Nose-to-Brain Gene Delivery for Central Nervous System Disorders.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Injectable PEG-PCL-PEG Copolymers for Skin Rejuvenation: In Vitro Cell Studies to in Vivo Collagen Induction.Polymers · 2025Article
- Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Polymers · 2025Review
- Decoding herbal combination models through systematic strategies: insights from target information and traditional Chinese medicine clinical theory.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Chitosan Nanoparticles: Approaches to Preparation, Key Properties, Drug Delivery Systems, and Developments in Therapeutic Efficacy.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Advanced drug delivery systems for the management of local conditions.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Review
- Review
- A Review on Lipid-based Nanoformulations for Targeting Brain through Non-invasive Nasal Route.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Microneedles for controlled and sustained intraocular drug delivery.NPG Asia materials · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Smart Polymers-Based Therapeutics in Ophthalmology.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Drug and PVA-Drug-Surfactant Complex Organogel with Dimethyl Sulfoxide as a Drug Delivery System.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Emerging Role of Silk Fibroin for the Development of Novel Drug Delivery Systems.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Neuroprotective Nanoparticles Targeting the Retina: A Polymeric Platform for Ocular Drug Delivery Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Synthesis and Evaluation of Poly(3-hydroxypropyl Ethylene-imine) and Its Blends with Chitosan Forming Novel Elastic Films for Delivery of Haloperidol.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Evaluating Novel Agarose-Based Buccal Gels Scaffold: Mucoadhesive and Pharmacokinetic Profiling in Healthy Volunteers.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite their conventional and widespread use, oral and intravenous routes of drug administration face several limitations. In particular, orally administered drugs undergo enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and first-pass metabolism in the liver, which tend to decrease their bioavailability. Intravenous infusions of medications are invasive, painful and stressful for patients and carry the risk of infections, tissue damage and other adverse reactions. In order to account for these disadvantages, alternative routes of drug delivery, such as transdermal, nasal, oromucosal, ocular and others, have been considered. Moreover, drug formulations have been modified in order to improve their storage stability, solubility, absorption and safety. Recently, stimuli-responsive polymers have been shown to achieve controlled release and enhance the bioavailability of multiple drugs. In this review, we discuss the most up-to-date use of stimuli-responsive materials in order to optimize the delivery of medications that are unstable to pH or undergo primary metabolism via transdermal, nasal, oromucosal and ocular routes. Release kinetics, diffusion parameters and permeation rate of the drug via the mucosa or skin are discussed as well.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.