ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accuracy of ctDNA-based minimal residual disease detection in predicting postoperative recurrence of breast cancer: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Differential immunomodulatory effects of epirubicin/cyclophosphamide and docetaxel in breast cancer patients.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Trial
- Targeting SOX9: designing a novel vaccine against triple-negative breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nanosensitizer-assisted sonodynamic therapy for breast cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Cellular Epigenetic Targets and Epidrugs in Breast Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- New progress in imaging diagnosis and immunotherapy of breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of TFR2 as a novel ferroptosis‑related gene that serves an important role in prognosis and progression of triple‑negative breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Novel Anticancer Strategies II.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Clusterin is a biomarker of breast cancer prognosis and correlated with immune microenvironment.Translational cancer research · 2023Article
- Novel Combination Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer based on an Intelligent Hollow Carbon Sphere.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Article
- Rational Nanomedicine Design Enhances Clinically Physical Treatment-Inspired or Combined Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Review
- Induced Cell Cycle Arrest in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Combined Treatment of Itraconazole and Rapamycin.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Progress and Prospect of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by extensive tumor heterogeneity at both the pathologic and molecular levels, particularly accelerated aggressiveness, and terrible metastasis. It is responsible for the increased mortality of breast cancer patients. Due to the negative expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, the progress of targeted therapy has been hindered. Higher immune response in TNBCs than for other breast cancer types makes immunotherapy suitable for TNBC therapy. At present, promising treatments in immunotherapy of TNBC include immune checkpoints (ICs) blockade therapy, adoptive T-cell immunotherapy, and tumor vaccine immunotherapy. In addition, nanomedicines exhibit great potential in cancer therapy through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Immunotherapy-involved combination therapy may exert synergistic effects by combining with other treatments, such as traditional chemotherapy and new treatments, including photodynamic therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). This review focuses on introducing the principles and latest development as well as progress in using nanocarriers as drug-delivery systems for the immunotherapy of TNBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.