Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34958718›Full record

ArticleCurrent protocols2021

Comprehensive Guide to Extracting and Expressing Fungal Secondary Metabolites with Aspergillus fumigatus as a Case Study.

Grant Nickles, Isabelle Ludwikoski, Jin Woo Bok, Nancy P Keller

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current protocols, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Confrontations betweenApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Biofilm Formation inMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Indian journal of microbiology · 2025
    Article
  7. Antimicrobial Compounds FromInternational journal of microbiology · 2025
    Article
  8. Mining theJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Grant NicklesDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Isabelle LudwikoskiDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Jin Woo BokDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Nancy P KellerDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
University of Wisconsin–Madison · USUniversity of Wisconsin System · US

Funding

Biotechnology Training ProgramT32GM135066 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI SCOTT M. COYLE, BRIAN G FOX · 2020 to 2026
$7.0M
Comprehensive analysis of NRPS-derived metabolomes of three Aspergillus speciesR01GM112739 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI KELLER, NANCY P · 2015 to 2023
$2.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM112739NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM135066NIH HHS R01 2R01GM112739-05A1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fungal secondary metabolites (SMs) have captured the interest of natural products researchers in academia and industry for decades. In recent years, the high rediscovery rate of previously characterized metabolites is making it increasingly difficult to uncover novel compounds. Additionally, the vast majority of fungal SMs reside in genetically intractable fungi or are silent under normal laboratory conditions in genetically tractable fungi. The fungal natural products community has broadly overcome these barriers by altering the physical growth conditions of the fungus and heterologous/homologous expression of biosynthetic gene cluster regulators or proteins. The protocols described here summarize vital methodologies needed when researching SM production in fungi. We also summarize the growth conditions, genetic backgrounds, and extraction protocols for every published SM in Aspergillus fumigatus, enabling readers to easily replicate the production of previously characterized SMs. Readers will also be equipped with the tools for developing their own strategy for expressing and extracting SMs from their given fungus or a suitable heterologous model system. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Making glycerol stocks from spore suspensions Alternate Protocol 1: Creating glycerol stocks from non-sporulating filamentous fungi Basic Protocol 2: Activating spore-suspension glycerol stocks Basic Protocol 3: Extracting secondary metabolites from Aspergillus spp grown on solid medium Alternate Protocol 2: Extracting secondary metabolites from Aspergillus spp using ethyl acetate Alternate Protocol 3: High-volume metabolite extraction using ethyl acetate Alternate Protocol 4: Extracting secondary metabolites from Aspergillus spp in liquid medium Support Protocol: Creating an overlay culture Basic Protocol 4: Extracting DNA from filamentous fungi Basic Protocol 5: Creating a DNA construct with double-joint PCR Alternate Protocol 5: Creating a DNA construct with yeast recombineering Basic Protocol 6: Transformation of Aspergillus spp Basic Protocol 7: Co-culturing fungi and bacteria for extraction of secondary metabolites.

Indexed as

Aspergillus fumigatusFungiAspergillusBacteriaMultigene FamilyAspergillus fumigatusfungimetabolic extractionnatural productstransformation

Identifiers

PMID34958718
PMCPMC8730535
OpenAlexW4200501100

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.