Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34957233›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2021

Segmentation of Tricuspid Valve Leaflets From Transthoracic 3D Echocardiograms of Children With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Using Deep Learning.

Christian Herz, Danielle F Pace, Hannah H Nam, Andras Lasso, Patrick Dinh, Maura Flynn, Alana Cianciulli, Polina Golland, Matthew A Jolley

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Multimodal Nomogram for the Prenatal Risk Assessment of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Using Self-Supervised Learning.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Quantitative Analysis of 3D Anatomy to Inform Planning of Ductal Arteriosus Stenting.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Visualization and Quantification of the Unrepaired Complete Atrioventricular Canal Valve Using Open-Source Software.Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Skeletal model-based analysis of the tricuspid valve in hypoplastic left heart syndrome.Statistical atlases and computational models of the heart. STACOM (Workshop) · 2022
    Article
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Christian HerzChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Danielle F PaceComputer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Hannah H NamChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Andras LassoLaboratory for Percutaneous Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Patrick DinhChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Maura FlynnChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Alana CianciulliChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Polina GollandComputer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Matthew A JolleyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Funding

Computer Modeling of the Tricuspid Valve in Hypoplastic Left Heart SyndromeR01HL153166 · NHLBI · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI JOLLEY, MATTHEW · 2020 to 2024
$3.7M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL153166
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart defect in which the right ventricle and associated tricuspid valve (TV) alone support the circulation. TV failure is thus associated with heart failure, and the outcome of TV valve repair are currently poor. 3D echocardiography (3DE) can generate high-quality images of the valve, but segmentation is necessary for precise modeling and quantification. There is currently no robust methodology for rapid TV segmentation, limiting the clinical application of these technologies to this challenging population. We utilized a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) to segment tricuspid valves from transthoracic 3DE. We trained on 133 3DE image-segmentation pairs and validated on 28 images. We then assessed the effect of varying inputs to the FCN using Mean Boundary Distance (MBD) and Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). The FCN with the input of an annular curve achieved a median DSC of 0.86 [IQR: 0.81-0.88] and MBD of 0.35 [0.23-0.4] mm for the merged segmentation and an average DSC of 0.77 [0.73-0.81] and MBD of 0.6 [0.44-0.74] mm for individual TV leaflet segmentation. The addition of commissural landmarks improved individual leaflet segmentation accuracy to an MBD of 0.38 [0.3-0.46] mm. FCN-based segmentation of the tricuspid valve from transthoracic 3DE is feasible and accurate. The addition of an annular curve and commissural landmarks improved the quality of the segmentations with MBD and DSC within the range of human inter-user variability. Fast and accurate FCN-based segmentation of the tricuspid valve in HLHS may enable rapid modeling and quantification, which in the future may inform surgical planning. We are now working to deploy this network for public use.

Indexed as

congenital heart diseasedeep learningechocardiographyimage segmentationmachine learningtricuspid valve

Identifiers

PMID34957233
PMCPMC8696083

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.