ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Effect of Different Disease-Modifying Therapies on Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine in Sardinian Multiple Sclerosis Patients.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- ECTRIMS/EAN consensus on vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis: Improving immunization strategies in the era of highly active immunotherapeutic drugs.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19: The Course, Vaccination and Immune Response in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Patients With Lymphoid Malignancy or Anti-CD20 Antibody Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2022Pooled it
- Updated Review for Guidelines for Cervical Cancer Screening in Immunosuppressed Women Without HIV Infection.Journal of lower genital tract disease · 2025Review
- Does Tobacco Smoking Affect Vaccine-Induced Immune Response? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Humoral immune response and safety of Sars-Cov-2 vaccine in people with multiple sclerosis.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Humoral Response to SARS-COV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Real-World Study.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- Implications of disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis on immune cells and response to COVID-19 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- A novel protocol for de-isolating moderately and severely immunocompromised COVID-19 patients.Global health & medicine · 2023Article
- Risk of breakthrough COVID-19 after vaccination among people with multiple sclerosis on disease-modifying therapies.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with evobrutinib: A Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Vaccine-elicited B- and T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is impaired in chronic lung disease patients.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Three Doses of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Retrospective Study Evaluating the Safety and the Immune Response in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- A new set-up of vanishing antibodies: A biennial follow-up of five different clients' humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 after systemic vaccination in an oncology hospital in Poland.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis: a narrative review.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Vaccine-elicited B and T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is impaired in chronic lung disease patients.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Longitudinal Postvaccine SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G Titers, Memory B-Cell Responses, and Risk of COVID-19 in Multiple Sclerosis Over 1 Year.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Observational
- The impact of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators on COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Vaccination against COVID-19 is highly recommended to patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the impact of MS disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) on the immune response following vaccination has been only partially investigated. Here, we aimed to elucidate the effect of DMTs on the humoral immune response to mRNA-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in MS patients. Methods: We obtained sera from 912 Sardinian MS patients and 63 healthy controls 30 days after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine and tested them for SARS-CoV-2 response using anti-Spike (S) protein-based serology. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was assessed by anti-Nucleocapsid (N) serology. Patients were either untreated or undergoing treatment with a total of 13 different DMTs. Differences between treatment groups comprised of at least 10 patients were assessed by generalized linear mixed-effects model. Demographic and clinical data and smoking status were analyzed as additional factors potentially influencing humoral immunity from COVID-19 vaccine. Results: MS patients treated with natalizumab, teriflunomide, azathioprine, fingolimod, ocrelizumab, and rituximab showed significantly lower humoral responses compared to untreated patients. We did not observe a statistically significant difference in response between patients treated with the other drugs (dimethyl fumarate, interferon, alemtuzumab and glatiramer acetate) and untreated patients. In addition, older age, male sex and active smoking were significantly associated with lower antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2. MS patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 had significantly higher humoral responses to vaccine than uninfected patients. Conclusion: Humoral response to BNT162b2 is significantly influenced by the specific DMTs followed by patients, as well as by other factors such as previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, sex, and smoking status. These results are important to inform targeted strategies to prevent clinically relevant COVID-19 in MS patients.
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