Trial reportJournal of geriatric oncology2022
Frailty and treatment outcome in advanced gastro-oesophageal cancer: An exploratory analysis of the GO2 trial.
Trial report in Journal of geriatric oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frailty as a predictor of postoperative outcomes in older gastroesophageal cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Frailty and outcomes in adults undergoing systemic anticancer treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Pooled it
- The prognostic role of Geriatric 8 in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- Frailty and long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of geriatric assessment with provider's clinical assessment among older adults with gastroesophageal cancer.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Article
- Feasibility of systemic therapy in unresectable gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer with overt bleeding.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2025Article
- Assessing Frailty in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Two Diseases in One?Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Chemotherapy-Related Toxic Effects and Quality of Life and Physical Functioning in Older Patients.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Higher frailty levels are associated with lower cognitive test scores in a multi-country study: evidence from the study on global ageing and adult health.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Clinical utility of geriatric assessment tools in older patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Frailty and Cancer: Current Perspectives on Assessment and Monitoring.Clinical interventions in aging · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionResearch into the optimal management of frail patients with cancer is limited and treatment decision-making in this cohort can be difficult. A number of measures have been developed to assess frailty, but few studies explore the correlation between frailty measures and cancer treatment outcomes.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study is an exploratory analysis of the GO2 randomised controlled trial. GO2 recruited both older and frail younger patients commencing first-line palliative chemotherapy for advanced gastro-oesophageal (aGO) cancer. This analysis aims to explore the correlation between baseline frailty and treatment outcome. Baseline frailty measures were derived from clinical data and included ECOG Performance Status (PS), the GO2 Frailty Score (GO2FS), Geriatric-8 (G8), Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) toxicity score and a 'modified' Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (mCFS). Novel patient-centred composite measure Overall Treatment Utility (OTU) was the primary endpoint. Ordinal logistic regression was undertaken to give odds ratios for poor vs good/intermediate OTU. Secondary endpoints were progression-free and overall survival. Models were adjusted for age, sex, histology, metastases, Trastuzumab and renal/hepatic function.
resultsIn GO2, 514 patients were randomised between three chemotherapy dose-levels; all of these patients were assessed for OTU and are included in this analysis. Worse GO2FS, mCFS and G8 scores all had a statistically significant association with poor (vs good/intermediate) OTU, progression and death, which persisted after adjustment. Adjusted odds ratios for poor OTU amongst those with the worst GO2FS and mCFS and best G8 scores were as follows: 1.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-2.88) for GO2FS ≥3 ('severely frail'), 1.72 (1.19-2.50) for mCFS 5+ ('frail') and 0.57 (0.32-1.00) for G8 > 14 ('normal'). Worse ECOG PS and CARG scores did not have a statistically significant association with poor OTU/progression/death.
conclusionIn this study, frailty identified via GO2FS, mCFS and G8 conveyed a statistically significant increased risk of worse treatment outcome in older and frail younger patients with aGO cancer. Frailty assessment provides information over and above PS and should be integrated alongside routine assessments in research and clinical practice. In the absence of prospective data, frailty measures can be derived retrospectively to build the evidence base around optimal care of frailer patients.
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