ArticleClinical and translational medicine2021
Cholangiocyte organoids from human bile retain a local phenotype and can repopulate bile ducts in vitro.
Article in Clinical and translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Organoids in Pediatric Congenital Hepatobiliary Diseases: Current Status and Progress in Clinical Translational Research.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Personalized Models of Biological Barriers and Their Diseases: Recent Progress with Organs-On-Chips.Advanced biology · 2026Review
- Modeling ischemic-type biliary lesionFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- A guide for establishing patient-derived organoids from bile samples obtained during endoscopic procedures and performing gene expression knockdown.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Advances in organoids for personalized medicine: from technological development to clinical application.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Organoid research: new concepts and new technologies.Burns & trauma · 2026Review
- Microbiome-derived bile acids as endogenous regenerative mediators in liver repair.Regenerative therapy · 2025Review
- The Search for Risk, Diagnostic, and Prognostic Biomarkers of Cholangiocarcinoma and Their Biological and Clinicopathologic Significance.The American journal of pathology · 2025Review
- Gallbladder cholangiocyte organoids.Biology of the cell · 2025Review
- Hepatobiliary organoid research: the progress and applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- WNT signaling contributes to the extrahepatic bile duct proliferative response to obstruction in mice.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Recent research progresses of bioengineered biliary stents.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Potential Use of Organoids in Regenerative Medicine.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2024Review
- Liver tissue engineering using decellularized scaffolds: Current progress, challenges, and opportunities.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Biliary atresia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Cholangiocyte Organoids: The New Frontier in Regenerative Medicine for the Study and Treatment of Cholangiopathies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Hepatobiliary organoids differentiated from hiPSCs relieve cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis in nonhuman primates.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Article
- Bioengineering liver tissue by repopulation of decellularised scaffolds.World journal of hepatology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The well-established 3D organoid culture method enabled efficient expansion of cholangiocyte-like cells from intrahepatic (IHBD) and extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) tissue biopsies. The extensive expansion capacity of these organoids enables various applications, from cholangiocyte disease modelling to bile duct tissue engineering. Recent research demonstrated the feasibility of culturing cholangiocyte organoids from bile, which was minimal-invasive collected via endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography (ERCP). However, a detailed analysis of these bile cholangiocyte organoids (BCOs) and the cellular region of origin was not yet demonstrated. In this study, we characterize BCOs and mirror them to the already established organoids initiated from IHBD- and EHBD-tissue. We demonstrate successful organoid-initiation from extrahepatic bile collected from gallbladder after resection and by ERCP or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiopathy from a variety of patients. BCOs initiated from these three sources of bile all show features similar to in vivo cholangiocytes. The regional-specific characteristics of the BCOs are reflected by the exclusive expression of regional common bile duct genes (HOXB2 and HOXB3) by ERCP-derived BCOs and gallbladder-derived BCOs expressing gallbladder-specific genes. Moreover, BCOs have limited hepatocyte-fate differentiation potential compared to intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids. These results indicate that organoid-initiating cells in bile are likely of local (extrahepatic) origin and are not of intrahepatic origin. Regarding the functionality of organoid initiating cells in bile, we demonstrate that BCOs efficiently repopulate decellularized EHBD scaffolds and restore the monolayer of cholangiocyte-like cells in vitro. Bile samples obtained through minimally invasive procedures provide a safe and effective alternative source of cholangiocyte organoids. The shedding of (organoid-initiating) cholangiocytes in bile provides a convenient source of organoids for regenerative medicine.
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