ArticleBiological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging2022
A Computational Analysis of Abnormal Belief Updating Processes and Their Association With Psychotic Experiences and Childhood Trauma in a UK Birth Cohort.
Article in Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Belief Updating, Childhood Maltreatment, and Paranoia in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- A new predictive coding model for a more comprehensive account of delusions.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2024Review
- Does disconfirmatory evidence shape safety-and danger-related beliefs of trauma-exposed individuals?European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Computational mechanisms of belief updating in relation to psychotic-like experiences.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Belief Updating and Paranoia in Individuals With Schizophrenia.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2022Article
- The computational relationship between reinforcement learning, social inference, and paranoia.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Increased Belief Instability in Psychotic Disorders Predicts Treatment Response to Metacognitive Training.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
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15 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundPsychotic experiences emerge from abnormalities in perception and belief formation and occur more commonly in those experiencing childhood trauma. However, which precise aspects of belief formation are atypical in psychosis is not well understood. We used a computational modeling approach to characterize belief updating in young adults in the general population, examine their relationship with psychotic outcomes and trauma, and determine the extent to which they mediate the trauma-psychosis relationship.
methodsWe used data from 3360 individuals from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort who completed assessments for psychotic outcomes, depression, anxiety, and two belief updating tasks at age 24 and had data available on traumatic events assessed from birth to late adolescence. Unadjusted and adjusted regression and counterfactual mediation methods were used for the analyses.
resultsBasic behavioral measures of belief updating (draws-to-decision and disconfirmatory updating) were not associated with psychotic experiences. However, computational modeling revealed an association between increased decision noise with both psychotic experiences and trauma exposure, although <3% of the trauma-psychotic experience association was mediated by decision noise. Belief updating measures were also associated with intelligence and sociodemographic characteristics, confounding most of the associations with psychotic experiences. There was little evidence that belief updating parameters were differentially associated with delusions compared with hallucinations or that they were differentially associated with psychotic outcomes compared with depression or anxiety.
conclusionsThese findings challenge the hypothesis that atypical belief updating mechanisms (as indexed by the computational models and behavioral measures we used) underlie the development of psychotic phenomena.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.