ArticleNutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD2022
Association of diet quality, physical activity, and abdominal obesity with metabolic syndrome z-score in black and white adolescents in the US.
Article in Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet Quality Scores, Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current obesity reports · 2024Pooled it
- A non-invasive tool for the early identification of children at risk of cardiometabolic dysfunction: data from the PODiaCar project.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Observational
- Functional Foods as Modulators of Epigenetic Mechanisms Affecting Metabolic Health in Adolescence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Diet Quality of Midwest Adolescents and Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Overweight/Obesity Differs by Diagnosis but Not by Weight Category.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2025Article
- Dietary and non-dietary risk factors associated with excess body mass and abdominal obesity in adolescents from rural regions of southern Poland: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association between alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight and obesity.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study and Mediation Analysis.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Adolescent Diet Quality, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Adiposity: A Prospective Cohort.Journal of nutrition education and behavior · 2023Observational
- The association of sagittal abdominal diameter with metabolic syndrome risk before and after weight-loss surgery in adolescents.Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery · 2023Article
- Associations of Lifestyle Patterns With Overweight and Depressive Symptoms Among United States Emerging Adults With Different Employment Statuses.International journal of public health · 2023Article
- Assessment of Overweight, Obesity, Central Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes among Adolescents in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsMetabolic syndrome (MetS) affects ∼10% of adolescents and is associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. The most prevalent MetS component is abdominal obesity. Healthy diet and physical activity (PA) are inversely associated with abdominal obesity and may reduce MetS risk in youth. Our aim was to examine associations of diet, activity, and abdominal obesity with MetS z-score (MetS-z). METHODS AND
resultsAn analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016 data in adolescents was performed. Healthy Eating Index (HEI)- 2015 scores were calculated for diet quality, PA habits were used to determine alignment with national guidelines, and abdominal obesity was assessed by sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD). MetS-z represented severity or potential risk for MetS. Multivariable regression evaluated the relationships of HEI, SAD and PA with MetS-z. Among 1214 black and white adolescents, SAD was significantly associated with MetS-z [β (95% CI) = 0.17 (0.16, 0.19); P <0.0001] while HEI-2015 components showed associations with MetS-z overall (HEI total, dairy, and sodium scores), and by sex (total, refined grains, dairy for males; added sugar, protein, whole grains for females). Mean HEI-2015 score was 47.4/100 (51.6 using the population-ratio method), and the proportion of adolescents meeting national PA guidelines was 37.6%, yet PA was not a significant predictor of MetS-z.
conclusionsUS adolescents have poor diet quality and fewer than half meet PA guidelines. Strategies for preventing MetS and related conditions in adolescence should focus on weight management - specifically, abdominal fat reduction - with individualized diet counseling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.