Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34952941›Full record

ArticleNature microbiology2022

Integrating cultivation and metagenomics for a multi-kingdom view of skin microbiome diversity and functions.

Sara Saheb Kashaf, Diana M Proctor, Clay Deming, Paul Saary, Martin Hölzer, NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Monica E Taylor, Heidi H Kong, Julia A Segre, Alexandre Almeida and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Virulence · 2026
    Article
  3. Characterization of defensome genes and mobile genetic Elements in different types of pasture soil agroecosystems from the Brazilian Amazon.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
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  19. Laser-assisted microbial culturomics.Nature communications · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sara Saheb KashafMicrobial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Diana M ProctorMicrobial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-0669
Clay DemingMicrobial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Paul SaaryEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
Martin HölzerEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-8717
NISC Comparative Sequencing Program
Monica E TaylorDermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Heidi H KongDermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-064X
Julia A SegreMicrobial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. jsegre@nhgri.nih.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-348X
Alexandre AlmeidaEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. aalmeida@ebi.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8803-0893
Robert D FinnEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. rdf@ebi.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8626-2148

Funding

Inter- and Intra-Species Comparative SequencingZIBHG000196 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI THOMAS, JAMES · 2009 to 2025
$177.6M
Gene-Environment Interactions at the Skin SurfaceZIAHG000180 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI SEGRE, JULIA ANGELA · 2009 to 2025
$29.6M
Studies of human microbes and potential perturbationsZIAAR041219 · NIAMS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES · PI KONG, HEIDI · 2022 to 2025
$4.3M
Studies of Skin Microflora in Healthy Individuals and Atopic Dermatitis PatientsZIAAR041217 · NIAMS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES · PI KONG, HEIDI · 2022 to 2023
$1.2M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HG000180
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human skin functions as a physical barrier to foreign pathogen invasion and houses numerous commensals. Shifts in the human skin microbiome have been associated with conditions ranging from acne to atopic dermatitis. Previous metagenomic investigations into the role of the skin microbiome in health or disease have found that much of the sequenced data do not match reference genomes, making it difficult to interpret metagenomic datasets. We combined bacterial cultivation and metagenomic sequencing to assemble the Skin Microbial Genome Collection (SMGC), which comprises 622 prokaryotic species derived from 7,535 metagenome-assembled genomes and 251 isolate genomes. The metagenomic datasets that we generated were combined with publicly available skin metagenomic datasets to identify members and functions of the human skin microbiome. The SMGC collection includes 174 newly identified bacterial species and 12 newly identified bacterial genera, including the abundant genus 'Candidatus Pellibacterium', which has been newly associated with the skin. The SMGC increases the characterized set of known skin bacteria by 26%. We validated the SMGC metagenome-assembled genomes by comparing them with sequenced isolates obtained from the same samples. We also recovered 12 eukaryotic species and assembled thousands of viral sequences, including newly identified clades of jumbo phages. The SMGC enables classification of a median of 85% of skin metagenomic sequences and provides a comprehensive view of skin microbiome diversity, derived primarily from samples obtained in North America.

Indexed as

Genome, MicrobialMetagenomeAdolescentAdultBacteriaChildChild, PreschoolColony Count, MicrobialFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMetagenomicsMicrobiotaMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID34952941
PMCPMC8732310

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.