ReviewPediatric research2022
Mechanisms and modulation of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction in children.
Review in Pediatric research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering a multifunctional nanoplatform with cascade catalytic and bidirectional immunomodulatory capacities for integrating sepsis therapy.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- The Glutamate-Glutamine Axis in Pediatric Septic Shock: Immunometabolic Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- HIF-1α Promotes Macrophage Extracellular Trap Formation and Exacerbates Acute Lung Injury in Neonatal Sepsis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- BRD4 modulates antimicrobial defense via non-canonical NRF2 activation in macrophages to confer protection against sepsis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Prognostic Significance of Immune Abnormalities in Children with Severe Sepsis.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Plasma Proteomic Signatures of Pediatric Sepsis Reveal Persistent Inflammation and Phase-Specific Biomarkers.FASEB bioAdvances · 2026Article
- Association between serum endothelial glycocalyx biomarkers and prognosis in paediatric sepsis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Evaluation of serum HMGB1 levels in assessing the severity of pediatric sepsis and analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of blood purification modalities.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Metabolomics analysis identifies differential metabolites and potential diagnostic biomarkers among pediatric sepsis subtypes.PloS one · 2026Article
- Nano-Enabled Microfluidic Platforms for Functional Immunomonitoring in Pediatric Sepsis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of Immunomodulatory-Related Genes Reveals MAPK14-Associated Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Infiltration in Pediatric Sepsis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Association between the albumin-to-lymphocyte ratio and short-term mortality in critically Ill pediatric patients: a retrospective cohort study and machine learning analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- IL-1R2 as a Precision Therapeutic Target in Sepsis: Molecular Insights into Immune Regulation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Potential biomarkers used for risk estimation of pediatric sepsis-associated organ dysfunction and immune dysregulation.Pediatric research · 2025Review
- Immunomodulation in Pediatric Sepsis: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Critical Insights into Novel Immunomodulatory Therapy for Sepsis: Evaluating Promise Amidst Limitations.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2025Article
- Investigation of the Significance of Blood Signatures on Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Sepsis Within 24 Hours.International journal of genomics · 2025Article
- A machine learning model for robust prediction of sepsis-induced coagulopathy in critically ill patients with sepsis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Combatting sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction: emerging mechanisms and immunomodulatory breakthroughs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Characteristics and Risk Factors for Pediatric Sepsis.Current medical science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunologic responses during sepsis vary significantly among patients and evolve over the course of illness. Sepsis has a direct impact on the immune system due to adverse alteration of the production, maturation, function, and apoptosis of immune cells. Dysregulation in both the innate and adaptive immune responses during sepsis leads to a range of phenotypes consisting of both hyperinflammation and immunosuppression that can result in immunoparalysis. In this review, we discuss components of immune dysregulation in sepsis, biomarkers and functional immune assays to aid in immunophenotyping patients, and evolving immunomodulatory therapies. Important research gaps for the future include: (1) Defining how age, host factors including prior exposures, and genetics impact the trajectory of sepsis in children, (2) Developing tools for rapid assessment of immune function in sepsis, and (3) Assessing how evolving pediatric sepsis endotypes respond differently to immunomodulation. Although multiple promising immunomodulatory agents exist or are in development, access to rapid immunophenotyping will be needed to identify which children are most likely to benefit from which therapy. Advancements in the ability to perform multidimensional endotyping will be key to developing a personalized approach to children with sepsis. IMPACT: Immunologic responses during sepsis vary significantly among patients and evolve over the course of illness. The resulting spectrum of immunoparalysis that can occur due to sepsis can increase morbidity and mortality in children and adults. This narrative review summarizes the current literature surrounding biomarkers and functional immunologic assays for immune dysregulation in sepsis, with a focus on immunomodulatory therapies that have been evaluated in sepsis. A precision approach toward diagnostic endotyping and therapeutics, including gene expression, will allow for optimal clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of individualized and targeted treatments for pediatric sepsis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.