ArticleScientific reports2021
Modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by Sars-CoV-2 Envelope protein.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Newly Emerged Antiviral Strategies for SARS-CoV-2: From Deciphering Viral Protein Structural Function to the Development of Vaccines, Antibodies, and Small Molecules.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Tranilast as an Adjunctive Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID- 19: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Archives of medical research · 2022Trial
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response in lung diseases: molecular pathways and therapeutic interventions.The Journal of pathology · 2026Review
- Modulation of Host Innate Immune Response by Highly Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses during Viral Infection.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- The Open Reading Frame 7b of the SARS-CoV-2 Disperse Trans-Golgi and Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Pyroptosis in Respiratory Virus Infections: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapeutic Interventions.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Human Alveolar Macrophages Detect SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein Through TLR2 and TLR4 and Secrete Cytokines in Response.Immunology · 2025Article
- Advances in Viroporin Function and Structure: A Comparative Analysis of Alphavirus 6K with Well-Characterized Viroporins.Viruses · 2025Review
- Review
- A comprehensive review of current insights into the virulence factors of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- MicroRNA-mediated regulation of the immune response in Calu-3 cells infected with a SARS-CoV-2 E gene variant.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Coronavirus envelope protein activates TMED10-mediated unconventional secretion of inflammatory factors.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 biology and host interactions.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein impairs airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates airway inflammation via increased intracellular ClSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Protein as a Therapeutic Target against COVID-19 and Long-Term Post-Infection Effects.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Structural proteins of human coronaviruses: what makes them different?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the initial success of some drugs and vaccines targeting COVID-19, understanding the mechanism underlying SARS-CoV-2 disease pathogenesis remains crucial for the development of further approaches to treatment. Some patients with severe Covid-19 experience a cytokine storm and display evidence of inflammasome activation leading to increased levels of IL-1β and IL-18; however, other reports have suggested reduced inflammatory responses to Sars-Cov-2. In this study we have examined the effects of the Sars-Cov-2 envelope (E) protein, a virulence factor in coronaviruses, on inflammasome activation and pulmonary inflammation. In cultured macrophages the E protein suppressed inflammasome priming and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Similarly, in mice transfected with E protein and treated with poly(I:C) to simulate the effects of viral RNA, the E protein, in an NLRP3-dependent fashion, reduced expression of pro-IL-1β, levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid, and macrophage infiltration in the lung. To simulate the effects of more advanced infection, macrophages were treated with both LPS and poly(I:C). In this setting the E protein increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation in both murine and human macrophages. Thus, the Sars-Cov-2 E protein may initially suppress the host NLRP3 inflammasome response to viral RNA while potentially increasing NLRP3 inflammasome responses in the later stages of infection. Targeting the Sars-Cov-2 E protein especially in the early stages of infection may represent a novel approach to Covid-19 therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.