Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34952279›Full record

ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2022

Public interest in ∆

Eric C Leas, Alicia L Nobles, Yuyan Shi, Erik Hendrickson

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Correlates of Derived Cannabis Product Awareness, Knowledge, Use, and Use Intentions Among Young Adults.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Quantitative analysis of ΔAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Prevalence of cannabidiol use and correlates in U.S. adults.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposures Reported to US Poison Centers: Variations Among US States and Regions and Associations with Public Policy.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
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  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eric C LeasHerbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: ecleas@ucsd.edu.
Alicia L NoblesDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Yuyan ShiHerbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Erik HendricksonHerbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
University of California, San Diego · USHuman Longevity (United States) · US

Funding

Using Behavioral Economics Approach to Examine Individual Preferences for Marijuana ProductsR01DA049730 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SHI, YUYAN · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
Quantifying Treatment Help-Seeking Among Self-Identified Opioid Users on Social MediaK25DA049944 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI NOBLES, ALICIA · 2020 to 2021
$339k
The effect of switching on or off menthol use on cigarette consumption, dependence, nicotine exposure and quitting successR21DA051356 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI LEAS, ERIC · 2020 to 2021
$316k
NIDA NIH HHS K25 DA049944NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049730NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA051356
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is an expanding unregulated market for a psychotropic compound called ∆

methodsTo measure public interest, we obtained yearly Google query fractions (QFs) that mentioned delta-8-THC (i.e., "delta 8," "delta-8," or "Δ8") for the past decade (from January 2011 through August 2021) for every country and territory in the world and every state in the United States (US) from Google Trends. We also obtained the same trends for the last complete month of data for all US states (July 2021) to compare across cannabis use policies. We summarized QFs across years, countries, US states and cannabis policies in US states using linear regression, means and ratios. We estimated raw search counts for the US using comscore.com.

resultsThe global rate of delta-8-THC searches was stable between 2011 and 2019 before increasing by 257.0% from 2019 to 2020 and 705.0% from 2020 to 2021. In 2021, the rate of delta-8-THC searches in the US was at least 10 times higher than the rates in other countries or territories. In absolute terms, there were 22.3 million delta-8-THC searches in the US in the first 8 months of 2021 alone. Increases in delta-8-THC searches from 2020 to 2021 occurred in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia (Mean 854.2%; range = 256.4% - 2831.2%) but continued to vary substantially between states in 2021. In July 2021, the legal status of delta-9-THC use across US states explained 49.0% of the variance in delta-8-THC QFs between US states (R

conclusionPublic interest in delta-8-THC increased rapidly in 2020 and 2021 and was particularly high in US states that restricted delta-9-THC use. Jurisdictions should clarify whether delta-8-THC can be sold as a hemp product.

Indexed as

CannabidiolCannabisHallucinogensAnalgesicsCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsDronabinolHumansUnited StatesAnalgesicsCannabidiolCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsDronabinolHallucinogensCannabidiolCannabinoidCannabisCBDGoogleHempMarijuana

Identifiers

PMID34952279
PMCPMC9126323
OpenAlexW4200319280

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.