ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2021
Gastrocnemius Muscle Architecture in Elite Basketballers and Cyclists: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rehabilitative and Conditioning Exercises That Selectively Activate Individual Lower Extremity Muscles: A Systematic Review.Sports health · 2026Review
- Arm Swing and External Load Reorganize Force-Time Strategy in Collegiate Basketball Players: Associations with Force Production Capacity.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploratory Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Architecture and Force-Time Strategy Under External Load in Collegiate Basketball Players.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Morphological and functional characterization of respiratory muscles in male runners across different race distances: an ultrasound and physiological assessment.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Muscle-tendon properties of the female athlete: a comparison between "power modulation" and "energy conservation" training exposures.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Activation of α7nAChR reduces inflammation and apoptosis, promoting muscle regeneration through the AKT-FOXO1 pathway.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Discipline-specific Torque-Velocity Profiles and Musculotendinous Morphology in Athletes.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2024Article
- Effects of 12-week gait retraining on plantar flexion torque, architecture, and behavior of the medial gastrocnemiusFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Influence of Long-Lasting Static Stretching on Maximal Strength, Muscle Thickness and Flexibility.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Eccentric and concentric actions produce distinct mechanical stimuli and result in different adaptations in skeletal muscle architecture. Cycling predominantly involves concentric activity of the gastrocnemius muscles, while playing basketball requires both concentric and eccentric actions to support running, jumping, and landing. The aim of this study was to examine differences in the architecture of gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) between elite basketballers and cyclists. A trained sonographer obtained three B-mode ultrasound images from GM and GL muscles in 44 athletes (25 basketballers and 19 cyclists; 24 ± 5 years of age). The images were digitized and average fascicle length (FL), pennation angle (θ), and muscle thickness were calculated from three images per muscle. The ratio of FL to tibial length (FL/TL) and muscle thickness to tibial length (MT/TL) was also calculated to account for the potential scaling effect of stature. In males, no significant differences were identified between the athletic groups in all parameters in the GM, but a significant difference existed in muscle thickness in the GL. In basketballers, GL was 2.5 mm thicker (95% CI: 0.7-4.3 mm,
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