ArticleRoyal Society open science2021
Impairment of T cells' antiviral and anti-inflammation immunities may be critical to death from COVID-19.
Article in Royal Society open science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer, and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Article
- HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism and risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Iraqi patients.Human immunology · 2022Article
- Dysregulated Immune Responses in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients: A Comprehensive Overview.Viruses · 2022Review
- T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2022Review
- Impairment of T cells' antiviral and anti-inflammation immunities may be critical to death from COVID-19.Royal Society open science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clarifying dominant factors determining the immune heterogeneity from non-survivors to survivors is crucial for developing therapeutics and vaccines against COVID-19. The main difficulty is quantitatively analysing the multi-level clinical data, including viral dynamics, immune response and tissue damages. Here, we adopt a top-down modelling approach to quantify key functional aspects and their dynamical interplay in the battle between the virus and the immune system, yielding an accurate description of real-time clinical data involving hundreds of patients for the first time. The quantification of antiviral responses gives that, compared to antibodies, T cells play a more dominant role in virus clearance, especially for mild patients (96.5%). Moreover, the anti-inflammatory responses, namely the cytokine inhibition and tissue repair rates, also positively correlate with T cell number and are significantly suppressed in non-survivors. Simulations show that the lack of T cells can lead to more significant inflammation, proposing an explanation for the monotonic increase of COVID-19 mortality with age and higher mortality for males. We propose that T cells play a crucial role in the immunity against COVID-19, which provides a new direction-improvement of T cell number for advancing current prevention and treatment.
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Registered trials
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