ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Preventing Childhood Obesity in Primary Schools: A Realist Review from UK Perspective.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Educational and programmatic components of effective school-based food and nutrition education: an umbrella review.Public health nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Gender innovation in the scientific evidence on interventions to reduce health inequalities in Europe: an umbrella review.International journal for equity in health · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for treatment of overweight/obesity among children in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Methods of Engaging Interest-Holders in Healthcare Evidence Syntheses: A Scoping Review.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2026Review
- Barriers and facilitators of school-based obesity prevention interventions: a qualitative study from the perspectives of primary school headteachers.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Advisory groups in realist reviews: Systematically mapping current research and recommendations for practice.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- The Impact of Obesity on the Fitness Performance of School-Aged Children Living in Rural Areas-The West Attica Project.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The causal impact of childhood obesity on bone mineral density and fracture in adulthood: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Preventing Childhood Obesity in Primary Schools: A Realist Review from UK Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a global public health concern. While evidence from a recent comprehensive Cochrane review indicates school-based interventions can prevent obesity, we still do not know how or for whom these work best. We aimed to identify the contextual and mechanistic factors associated with obesity prevention interventions implementable in primary schools. A realist synthesis following the Realist And Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses-Evolving Standards (RAMESES) guidance was with eligible studies from the 2019 Cochrane review on interventions in primary schools. The initial programme theory was developed through expert consensus and stakeholder input and refined with data from included studies to produce a final programme theory including all of the context-mechanism-outcome configurations. We included 24 studies (71 documents) in our synthesis. We found that baseline standardised body mass index (BMIz) affects intervention mechanisms variably as a contextual factor. Girls, older children and those with higher parental education consistently benefitted more from school-based interventions. The key mechanisms associated with beneficial effect were sufficient intervention dose, environmental modification and the intervention components working together as a whole. Education alone was not associated with favourable outcomes. Future interventions should go beyond education and incorporate a sufficient dose to trigger change in BMIz. Contextual factors deserve consideration when commissioning interventions to avoid widening health inequalities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.