Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34948950›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

The Perception of African Immigrant Women Living in Spain Regarding the Persistence of FGM.

Ousmane Berthe-Kone, María Isabel Ventura-Miranda, Sara María López-Saro, Jessica García-González, José Granero-Molina, María Del Mar Jiménez-Lasserrotte, Cayetano Fernández-Sola

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ousmane Berthe-KoneSurgical Critical Resuscitation, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almeria, Spain.
María Isabel Ventura-MirandaDepartment of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8949-5772
Sara María López-SaroGeneral Surgery Service, La Inmaculada Hospital, 04600 Huercal-Overa, Spain.
Jessica García-GonzálezDepartment of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3052-4166
José Granero-MolinaDepartment of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7051-2584
María Del Mar Jiménez-LasserrotteDepartment of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8151-6866
Cayetano Fernández-SolaDepartment of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1721-0947

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Approximately 200 million women and girls have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM) worldwide. Migration has spread the practice of FGM around the world, thus making it a global public health issue. The objective of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of Sub-Saharan immigrant women in Spain in relation to the causes of the persistence of FGM. In-depth interviews were carried out with 13 female FGM survivors of African origin, followed by inductive data analysis using ATLAS.ti software. Two main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) A family ritual symbolic of purification and (2) a system of false beliefs and deception in favour of FGM. The FGM survivors living in Europe are aware that FGM is a practice that violates human rights yet persists due to a system of false beliefs rooted in family traditions and deception that hides the reality of FGM from young girls or forces them to undergo the practice. The ritualistic nature of FGM and the threat of social exclusion faced by women who have not had it performed on them contributes to its persistence nowadays.

Indexed as

Circumcision, FemaleEmigrants and ImmigrantsFemaleHuman RightsHumansPerceptionSpainfemale circumcisionpublic healthqualitative researchviolencewomen

Identifiers

PMID34948950
PMCPMC8704587

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.