Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34948914›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Tools for Assessing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Underserved Young Adult Populations: A Systematic Review.

Audrey A Opoku-Acheampong, Richard R Rosenkranz, Koushik Adhikari, Nancy Muturi, Cindy Logan, Tandalayo Kidd

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Validation of Risk Perception Cut-Offs in Italian Brief PRHDS (PRHDS-BI): Implications for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2026
    Observational
  2. Review
  3. Tea Plant (Nutrients · 2022
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Audrey A Opoku-AcheampongDepartment of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0280-2045
Richard R RosenkranzDepartment of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8242-3546
Koushik AdhikariDepartment of Food Science and Technology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3833-6987
Nancy MuturiA. Q. Miller School of Journalism and Mass Communication, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6812-3603
Cindy LoganAcademic Services, Hale Library, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Tandalayo KiddDepartment of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Kansas State University · USUniversity of Georgia · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD, i.e., disease of the heart and blood vessels) is a major cause of death globally. Current assessment tools use either clinical or non-clinical factors alone or in combination to assess CVD risk. The aim of this review was to critically appraise, compare, and summarize existing non-clinically based tools for assessing CVD risk factors in underserved young adult (18-34-year-old) populations. Two online electronic databases-PubMed and Scopus-were searched to identify existing risk assessment tools, using a combination of CVD-related keywords. The search was limited to articles available in English only and published between January 2008 and January 2019. Of the 10,383 studies initially identified, 67 were eligible. In total, 5 out of the 67 articles assessed CVD risk in underserved young adult populations. A total of 21 distinct CVD risk assessment tools were identified; six of these did not require clinical or laboratory data in their estimation (i.e., non-clinical). The main non-clinically based tools identified were the Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire, the Health Beliefs Related to CVD-Perception measure, the Healthy Eating Opinion Survey, the Perception of Risk of Heart Disease Scale, and the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease factor surveillance (i.e., the STEPS instrument).

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular SystemAdolescentAdultHeartHumansRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsYoung Adultnon-clinicalrisk assessmentunderservedyoung adult

Identifiers

PMID34948914
PMCPMC8707965
OpenAlexW4200550281

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.