ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Short-Term Psycho-Education for Caregivers to Reduce Overmedication of People with Intellectual Disabilities (SPECTROM): Development and Field Testing.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Participatory research with carers: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of SPECTROM Training on Support Staff Knowledge of Psychotropic Medicine and Attitude Towards Behaviours That Challenge in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities to Help Implement the STOMP Initiative.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Trial
- ASPIRE-Med project: a study protocol on an Australian psychotropic medicines training programme for disability support workers.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Psychiatrists and non-psychiatrists' attitudes to psychotropic optimisation for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: cross-sectional comparison study.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Mental and Behavioral Health, and Crisis Services for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Medicaid Home- and Community-Based Services.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Developing and testing of an assessment tool for appropriate psychotropic drug prescribing in people with intellectual disabilities.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2025Article
- Consumer Involvement in the Design and Development of Medication Safety Interventions or Services in Primary Care: A Scoping Review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
- Withdrawing Antipsychotics for Challenging Behaviours in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences and Views of Experts by Experience.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Causes of and Alternatives to Medication for Behaviours That Challenge in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Direct Care Providers' Perspectives.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Support staff liaising effectively with professionals for the rational use of psychotropics for behaviours that challenge in adults with intellectual disabilities: Findings from a co-design event.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Support staff liaising effectively with family caregivers: Findings from a co-design event and recommendation for a staff training resource.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Deprescribing in Patients with Intellectual Disability.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities (PwID) are at a higher risk of developing challenging behaviours (CB). Despite the poor evidence for the effectiveness of medications in managing CB, they are used widely among PwID (50-63%). The aims of our study were to develop a training programme, SPECTROM for support staff to help reduce overmedication in PwID and carry out field testing of SPECTROM including a process evaluation. We developed SPECTROM using the Experience-based co-design method that included four focus groups and a one-day co-design event. Twenty trainees received SPECTROM training. We used the Management of Aggression and Violence Attitudes Scale-Revised-Intellectual Disabilities (MAVAS-R-ID) and the Psychotropic knowledge questionnaire. A semi-structured interview and a feasibility questionnaire were used for process evaluation. SPECTROM website contains 14 modules, resources, and face-to-face training. MAVAS-R-ID scores showed change in staff attitude to 'medication management' domain was statistically significant (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.