ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Role of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Reflex in Central Nervous System Diseases.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on motor and gait performance in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- [Clinical efficacy of auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic and acute pain : A systematic review].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Pooled it
- The Effects of a Single Vagus Nerve's Neurodynamics on Heart Rate Variability in Chronic Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Effects of Kalanchoe pinnata, exercise, and stimulation on neuroinflammation, redox homeostasis, and neuropathic pain in a Wistar-rat model.World journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Virobiome-mediated regulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis signaling and neuroimmune homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Acupuncture for Poststroke Dysphagia: An NTS-Centered Hypothesis-Generating Framework Linking the Brainstem Swallowing Network, Neuroimmune Regulation, and Vagal Anti-Inflammatory Signaling.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Reduced Vagal Compound Action Potential Amplitude Is Associated with Glomerular Injury in an Experimental Rabbit Model of Severe Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Vagus nerve stimulation and pulmonary outcomes: a scoping review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- Non-invasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Treatment for Repetitive Blast Trauma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Microbiome-metabolite signaling networks in gastrointestinal disease: systems biology, network rewiring, and precision therapeutics.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of Iraqi Anagyris foetida L. leaf extracts in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin lesions in mice.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- Varenicline-mediated cholinergic activation through α4β2 nAChR inhibits microglial neuroinflammation and alleviates neuropathic pain and depression following spinal cord injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Regulator of G protein signaling 10: a critical regulator of chronic systemic inflammation in parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Clinical Evidence of Wearable-Derived Heart Rate Variability for Detecting Systemic Inflammation: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation promotes recovery from otitis media by activating the α7nAChR-mediated anti-inflammatory pathway.Inflammation and regeneration · 2026Article
- Cholinergic regulation of neuroinflammation: linking microglia, immunometabolism, and neuromodulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Research Progress of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Vagus nerve stimulation: a potential tool to further improve perioperative anesthesia management quality and postoperative recovery?Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Association Between the Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer's Disease: An Update on Signaling Pathways and Translational Therapeutics.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Elucidating the role of peripheral monocyte nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and inflammation in cognitive outcomes in older adults.Biogerontology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In several central nervous system diseases, it has been reported that inflammation may be related to the etiologic process, therefore, therapeutic strategies are being implemented to control inflammation. As the nervous system and the immune system maintain close bidirectional communication in physiological and pathological conditions, the modulation of inflammation through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex has been proposed. In this review, we summarized the evidence supporting chemical stimulation with cholinergic agonists and vagus nerve stimulation as therapeutic strategies in the treatment of various central nervous system pathologies, and their effect on inflammation.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.