ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
B Cell Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- "IL-40: A novel immunoregulatory axis at the crossroads of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cancer immunity".Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Mendelian randomization analysis links HLA-DR+ CD14- CD16+ monocytes to CCL19-driven ankylosing spondylitis risk.Medicine · 2026Article
- IgA anti-CD74 autoantibodies are associated with treatment escalation in peripheral psoriatic arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The causal relationship between cathepsins and ankylosing spondylitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2026Article
- B Cells Can Trigger the T-Cell-Mediated Autoimmune Response Against Melanocytes in Psoriasis.Cells · 2025Article
- A Narrative Review of the Immunomodulatory Effects of ActharAdvances in therapy · 2025Review
- Aberrant B cell receptor signaling responses in circulating double-negative 2 B cells from radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Article
- Age-Associated B Cells in Autoimmune Diseases: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Inorganic pyrophosphatase 1: a key player in immune and metabolic reprogramming in ankylosing spondylitis.Genes and immunity · 2025Article
- B Cell Receptor Repertoire Analysis of the CD21European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota and ankylosing spondylitis: current insights and future challenges.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2025Review
- Divergent B-cell and cytotoxic TNK cell activation signatures in HLA-B27-associated ankylosing spondylitis and acute anterior uveitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Investigating the causal relationship between immune factors and ankylosing spondylitis: insights from a Mendelian Randomization study.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of immune and mesenchymal cell crosstalk in the developing enthesis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- PLCG2 and IFNAR1: The Potential Biomarkers Mediated by Immune Infiltration and Osteoclast Differentiation of Ankylosing Spondylitis in the Peripheral Blood.Mediators of inflammation · 2024Article
- Beyond the horizon: Innovations and future directions in axial-spondyloarthritis.Archives of rheumatology · 2023Review
- B cell subsets in adult-onset Still's disease: potential candidates for disease pathogenesis and immunophenotyping.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Article
- Uncovering the Underworld of Axial Spondyloarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- How Has Molecular Biology Enhanced Our Undertaking of axSpA and Its Management.Current rheumatology reports · 2023Review
- Association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and ankylosing spondylitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extensive research into ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has suggested the major role of genetics, immune reactions, and the joint-gut axis in its etiology, although an ultimate consensus does not yet exist. The available evidence indicates that both autoinflammation and T-cell-mediated autoimmune processes are actively involved in the disease process of AS. So far, B cells have received relatively little attention in AS pathogenesis; this is largely due to a lack of conventional disease-defining autoantibodies. However, against prevailing dogma, there is a growing body of evidence suggestive of B cell involvement. This is illustrated by disturbances in circulating B cell populations and the formation of auto-reactive and non-autoreactive antibodies, along with B cell infiltrates within the axial skeleton of AS patients. Furthermore, the depletion of B cells, using rituximab, displayed beneficial results in a subgroup of patients with AS. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge of B cells in AS, and discusses their potential role in its pathogenesis. An overarching picture portrays increased B cell activation in AS, although it is unclear whether B cells directly affect pathogenesis, or are merely bystanders in the disease process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.