ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
From Spheroids to Organoids: The Next Generation of Model Systems of Human Cardiac Regeneration in a Dish.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Research Advances and Disease Modeling in Respiratory Organoids.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- A 3D Alginate-Gelatin Co-Culture Model to Study Epithelial-Stromal Interactions in the Gut.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Resetting the epigenetic clock: cellular senescence and regenerative strategies in intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Cardiac Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury: Pathophysiology, Therapeutic Targets and Future Interventions.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Biomimetic Tumour Model Systems for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Relation to Photodynamic Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Review on New Frontiers in Drug-Drug Interaction Predictions and Safety Evaluations with In Vitro Cellular Models.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Getting Blood out of a Stone: Vascularization via Spheroids and Organoids in 3D Bioprinting.Cells · 2025Review
- Towards advanced regenerative therapeutics to tackle cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Review
- Understanding the Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Related Cardiotoxicity Employing hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocyte Models for Drug Screening and the Identification of Genetic and Epigenetic Variants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Study Models forMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Metformin exerted tumoricidal effects on colon cancer tumoroids via the regulation of autophagy pathway.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Advances in cardiac organoid research: implications for cardiovascular disease treatment.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Review
- Hepatobiliary organoid research: the progress and applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Potential Use of Organoids in Regenerative Medicine.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2024Review
- Improving human cardiac organoid design using transcriptomics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Modeling acute myocardial infarction and cardiac fibrosis using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived multi-cellular heart organoids.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoids in Advancing Neuropathology Research and Therapies.Cells · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Organoids are tiny, self-organized, three-dimensional tissue cultures that are derived from the differentiation of stem cells. The growing interest in the use of organoids arises from their ability to mimic the biology and physiology of specific tissue structures in vitro. Organoids indeed represent promising systems for the in vitro modeling of tissue morphogenesis and organogenesis, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, drug therapy testing, toxicology screening, and disease modeling. Although 2D cell cultures have been used for more than 50 years, even for their simplicity and low-cost maintenance, recent years have witnessed a steep rise in the availability of organoid model systems. Exploiting the ability of cells to re-aggregate and reconstruct the original architecture of an organ makes it possible to overcome many limitations of 2D cell culture systems. In vitro replication of the cellular micro-environment of a specific tissue leads to reproducing the molecular, biochemical, and biomechanical mechanisms that directly influence cell behavior and fate within that specific tissue. Lineage-specific self-organizing organoids have now been generated for many organs. Currently, growing cardiac organoid (cardioids) from pluripotent stem cells and cardiac stem/progenitor cells remains an open challenge due to the complexity of the spreading, differentiation, and migration of cardiac muscle and vascular layers. Here, we summarize the evolution of biological model systems from the generation of 2D spheroids to 3D organoids by focusing on the generation of cardioids based on the currently available laboratory technologies and outline their high potential for cardiovascular research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.