ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Biocompatibility Testing of Liquid Metal as an Interconnection Material for Flexible Implant Technology.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Process and property assessment of liquid metal spray deposition towards scalable and reliable stretchable electronics.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Flexible Sensors for Neural Interfaces: Multimodal Sensing, Signal Integration, and Closed-Loop Feedback.Biosensors · 2025Review
- High-Performance Vacuum-Free Processed Organic Solar Cells with Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Top Electrodes.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Instantaneous Piezoelectric Nanogenerator for Pacemaker Applications.Nano energy · 2025Article
- Resorbable conductive materials for optimally interfacing medical devices with the living.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Liquid Metal-Based Flexible Bioelectrodes for Management of In-Stent-Restenosis: Potential Application.Biosensors · 2023Article
- Liquid Metal Patterning and Unique Properties for Next-Generation Soft Electronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Responsive Liquid Metal Droplets: From Bulk to Nano.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Galinstan, a liquid metal at room temperature, is a promising material for use in flexible electronics. Since it has been successfully integrated in devices for external use, e.g., as stretchable electronic skin in tactile sensation, the possibility of using galinstan for flexible implant technology comes to mind. Usage of liquid metals in a flexible implant would reduce the risk of broken conductive pathways in the implants and therefore reduce the possibility of implant failure. However, the biocompatibility of the liquid metal under study, i.e., galinstan, has not been proven in state-of-the-art literature. Therefore, in this paper, a material combination of galinstan and silicone rubber is under investigation regarding the success of sterilization methods and to establish biocompatibility testing for an in vivo application. First cell biocompatibility tests (WST-1 assays) and cell toxicity tests (LDH assays) show promising results regarding biocompatibility. This work paves the way towards the successful integration of stretchable devices using liquid metals embedded in a silicone rubber encapsulant for flexible surface electro-cortical grid arrays and other flexible implants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.