ReviewGenes2021
Gene-Environment Interactions in Schizophrenia: A Literature Review.
Review in Genes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress in estrogen as an adjunctive therapy for schizophrenia.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Environmental Exposures and Computational Mechanisms in Psychosis Risk: Insights from a Multi-Site Cohort.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Childhood Trauma and Frontoparietal Network Connectivity During Working Memory Task Performance in Individuals With Schizophrenia and Healthy Participants.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Animal Models for Drug Discovery in Schizophrenia: A Critical View from a Clinical Perspective.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2026Review
- Loneliness, Genetic Susceptibility, Brain Structure, and the Risk of Schizophrenia: A Large Prospective Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Do Genetic Variants Directly Shape Population-Level Schizophrenia Burden? A Global Genomic Analysis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Elevated Copper Level in Schizophrenia Results in Neurotransmitter and Cognitive Alteration.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Environmental risk score as a predictor for 25-year symptom and functional trajectories in first episode psychosis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Impact of Schizophrenia on Inpatient Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From the 2005-2020 United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Childhood socioemotional development and growth mindset preceding schizophrenia: case-control study using prospectively collected data.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Association between the Korea-Polyenvironmental Risk Score and Clinical Outcomes in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Exploring the roots of schizophrenia: Current research and future directions (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Review
- Neurocognitive Effects of Neurofeedback: A Systematic Review of the Applicability and Therapeutic Effect in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Psychosis or Clinical High Risks for Psychosis.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Review
- DNA methylation signatures associated with early-onset schizophrenia in Chinese patients.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Associations Between Genetic Risk, Physical Activities, and Distressing Psychotic-like Experiences.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the independent and combined effects of genomic and exposomic risks for schizophrenia on distressing psychotic experiences: insights from the ABCD study.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Stress-induced epigenome changes as a risk factor in the onset of mental disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Epidemiological analysis of schizophrenia and incarceration: A multi-center exploration of the criminalization of mental illness in the United States.Schizophrenia research · 2026Article
- Circulating miR-1260a as a potential biomarker for First-Episode of Psychosis: a replication study in a treatment-Naïve Romanian cohort.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- A systematic review investigating the relationship between green and blue spaces and depression in older adults via DNA methylation.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness with a strong genetic component that is the subject of extensive research. Despite the high heritability, it is well recognized that non-genetic factors such as certain infections, cannabis use, psychosocial stress, childhood adversity, urban environment, and immigrant status also play a role. Whenever genetic and non-genetic factors co-exist, interaction between the two is likely. This means that certain exposures would only be of consequence given a specific genetic makeup. Here, we provide a brief review of studies reporting evidence of such interactions, exploring genes and variants that moderate the effect of the environment to increase risk of developing psychosis. Discovering these interactions is crucial to our understanding of the pathogenesis of complex disorders. It can help in identifying individuals at high risk, in developing individualized treatments and prevention plans, and can influence clinical management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.