ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
An In Vitro Assessment of Immunostimulatory Responses to Ten Model Innate Immune Response Modulating Impurities (IIRMIs) and Peptide Drug Product, Teriparatide.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- RNA-DNA Fusomer Fibers With Customizable Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties for Next-Generation Therapeutics.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Proceedings of the 2024 FDA-CRCG Workshop: Scientific and Regulatory Considerations for Assessment of Immunogenicity Risk for Generic Peptide and Oligonucleotide Drug Products.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- Multiplexed Immunophenotyping for Innate Activation Assessment Detects Single-Cell Responses to Immunomodulatory Nucleic Acid Impurities in Therapeutics.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- Host Cell Protein Clinical Safety Risk Assessment-An Updated Industry Review.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2025Review
- NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis in Osteoporosis: Osteoimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Nucleic acid nanobiosystems for cancer theranostics: an overview of emerging trends and challenges.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- A Phase-Appropriate Risk Assessment Strategy in Support of the Safety of Peptide and Oligonucleotide-Related Impurities.The AAPS journal · 2025Article
- T-cell activation of Toxoplasma gondii positive donors by maltodextrin nanoparticles formulated with killed Toxoplasma gondii.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity of therapeutic peptide products: bridging the gaps regarding the role of product-related risk factors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity risk assessment of peptide-related impurities identified in generic teriparatide products.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immunological properties of silica nanoparticles: a structure-activity relationship study.Nanotoxicology · 2024Article
- Special Issue "Nanotechnology to Overcome the World's Most Critical Health Issues: Liposomes and Beyond-A Themed Issue Dedicated to Professor Yechezkel Barenholz".Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Assessment of innate immune response modulating impurities in glucagon for injection.PloS one · 2022Article
- Detection of innate immune response modulating impurities (IIRMI) in therapeutic peptides and proteins: Impact of excipients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding, predicting, and minimizing the immunogenicity of peptide-based therapeutics are of paramount importance for ensuring the safety and efficacy of these products. The so-called anti-drug antibodies (ADA) may have various clinical consequences, including but not limited to the alteration in the product's distribution, biological activity, and clearance profiles. The immunogenicity of biotherapeutics can be influenced by immunostimulation triggered by the presence of innate immune response modulating impurities (IIRMIs) inadvertently introduced during the manufacturing process. Herein, we evaluate the applicability of several in vitro assays (i.e., complement activation, leukocyte proliferation, and cytokine secretion) for the screening of innate immune responses induced by ten common IIRMIs (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.