Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34945332›Full record

ArticleMicromachines2021

Development of a Microfluidic Device to Form a Long Chemical Gradient in a Tissue from Both Ends with an Analysis of Its Appearance and Content.

Yasunori Tokuoka, Keiichi Kondo, Noboru Nakaigawa, Tadashi Ishida

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Mini Bioreactor Can SupportCell journal · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yasunori TokuokaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Institute of Technology, Tokyo 226-8503, Japan.
Keiichi KondoDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Tokyo 236-0004, Japan.
Noboru NakaigawaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Tokyo 236-0004, Japan.
Tadashi IshidaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Institute of Technology, Tokyo 226-8503, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-7380-8145

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tissue assays have improved our understanding of cancers in terms of the three-dimensional structures and cellular diversity of the tissue, although they are not yet well-developed. Perfusion culture and active chemical gradient formation in centimeter order are difficult in tissue assays, but they are important for simulating the metabolic functions of tissues. Using microfluidic technology, we developed an H-shaped channel device that could form a long concentration gradient of molecules in a tissue that we could then analyze based on its appearance and content. For demonstration, a cylindrical pork tissue specimen was punched and equipped in the H-shaped channel device, and both ends of the tissue were exposed to flowing distilled and blue-dyed water for 100 h. After perfusion, the tissue was removed from the H-shaped channel device and sectioned. The gradient of the blue intensity along the longitudinal direction of the tissue was measured based on its appearance and content. We confirmed that the measured gradients from the appearance and content were comparable.

Indexed as

appearance analysisconcentration gradientH-shaped channelinternal analysislong-term perfusionmicrofluidicstissue

Identifiers

PMID34945332
PMCPMC8709218

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.