ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
The Definition, Assessment, and Prevalence of (Human Assumed) Central Sensitisation in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prolotherapy as a Regenerative Treatment in the Management of Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Role of non-invasive objective markers for the rehabilitative diagnosis of central sensitization in patients with fibromyalgia: A systematic review.Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Altered somatosensory temporal discrimination in chronic non-specific low back pain patients with central sensitization-related features: a cross-sectional study.The Korean journal of pain · 2026Article
- Central Sensitization and Pain Catastrophizing Are More Strongly Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life than Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Body-Composition Measures in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Regional and Extraregional Pressure Pain Threshold Patterns in Tension-Type Headache and Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Profile and association between pain sensitivity and physical fitness in individuals with chronic low back pain.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Association between lifestyle habits and central sensitization in community-dwelling older adults in Japan: a cross-sectional analysis from the Otassha study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Sex differences in pain-related biopsychosocial assessments in patients with axial spondyloarthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Assessment of central pain sensitization in chronic low back pain and its utility in diagnosis and prediction of clinical severity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Role of Central Sensitization in Responsiveness to Brain Stimulation for Patients with Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain - An Exploratory Study.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Cortical activity during cognitive and walking tasks in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Role of Central Sensitization Syndrome in Patients With Autonomic Symptoms.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Stellate Ganglion Block for PTSD and Chronic Low Back Pain: A Case Report of Three Veterans.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Subgrouping People With Acute Low Back Pain Based on Psychological, Sensory, and Motor Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Article
- Is the Central Sensitization in Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain Structural Phenomenon or Psychological Reaction? A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Methodological quality of 100 recent systematic reviews of health-related outcome measurement instruments: an overview of reviews.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Review
- Efficacy of galcanezumab in migraine central sensitizationScientific reports · 2024Article
- Biopsychosocial contributors to irritability in individuals with shoulder or low back pain.The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy · 2024Article
- Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain and Differences by Sex: A Longitudinal Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Overview: Chronic Pain and Cannabis-Based Medicines.Pharmacopsychiatry · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Central sensitisation is assumed to be one of the underlying mechanisms for chronic low back pain. Because central sensitisation is not directly assessable in humans, the term 'human assumed central sensitisation' (HACS) is suggested. The objectives were to investigate what definitions for HACS have been used, to evaluate the methods to assess HACS, to assess the validity of those methods, and to estimate the prevalence of HACS. Database search resulted in 34 included studies. Forty different definition references were used to define HACS. This review uncovered twenty quantitative methods to assess HACS, including four questionnaires and sixteen quantitative sensory testing measures. The prevalence of HACS in patients with chronic low back pain was estimated in three studies. The current systematic review highlights that multiple definitions, assessment methods, and prevalence estimates are stated in the literature regarding HACS in patients with chronic low back pain. Most of the assessment methods of HACS are not validated but have been tested for reliability and repeatability. Given the lack of a gold standard to assess HACS, an initial grading system is proposed to standardize clinical and research assessments of HACS in patients with a chronic low back.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.