ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
The Complex Role of C-Reactive Protein in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammation as a key factor associated with kinesiophobia in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient population with a high frequency of Type D personality and central sensitization: a cross-sectional study.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein as a potential effector molecule in the pathogenesis of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: a narrative review.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Hepatic control of immunometabolism: implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Real-world damage accrual in Sjögren's disease: a 5-year multicentre GIRRCS cohort analysis.RMD open · 2026Article
- Expression characteristics of C-reactive protein in autoimmune diseases and their complications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Association between serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and migraine: a REFORM study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Review
- Interdisciplinary Clinical Practice Guidelines for patient-centred management of juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.EULAR rheumatology open · 2025Article
- Sjogren's Disease and Elevated Cardiovascular Risk: Mechanisms and Treatment.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Neuroprotection, Inflammation, Fatigue, and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Simulation of the trimeric globular head of C1q reveals temperature-sensitive network: implications for inflammation.Journal of molecular modeling · 2025Article
- Simulation of the trimeric globular head of C1q reveals temperature-sensitive network: implications for inflammation.Journal of molecular modeling · 2025Article
- Associations Between Urinary Pesticide Metabolites and Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adolescents Living in an Agricultural Region.Exposure and health · 2025Article
- Sustained NPSLE-like phenotype in the absence of systemic lupus-like disease in TLR7-deficient B6.Nba2 mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Clinical Risk Predictors for Abnormal Left Ventricular and Atrial Function in Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography · 2025Article
- Comparative assessment of phenotypic markers in patients with chronic inflammation: Differences on Bifidobacterium concerning liver status.European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Genetics of Shared Clinical and Serological Manifestations in Patients With Systemic Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Old and New Biomarkers in Idiopathic Recurrent Acute Pericarditis (IRAP): Prognosis and Outcomes.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- C-Reactive Protein in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Colitis: A Scoping Review of Evidence and Knowledge Gaps.Cancer management and research · 2025Review
- Reduction of simultaneous ordering rate of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in a veteran affairs healthcare system.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is well-known as a sensitive albeit unspecific biomarker of inflammation. In most rheumatic conditions, the level of this evolutionarily highly conserved pattern recognition molecule conveys reliable information regarding the degree of ongoing inflammation, driven mainly by interleukin-6. However, the underlying causes of increased CRP levels are numerous, including both infections and malignancies. In addition, low to moderate increases in CRP predict subsequent cardiovascular events, often occurring years later, in patients with angina and in healthy individuals. However, autoimmune diseases characterized by the Type I interferon gene signature (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome and inflammatory myopathies) represent exceptions to the general rule that the concentrations of CRP correlate with the extent and severity of inflammation. In fact, adequate levels of CRP can be beneficial in autoimmune conditions, in that they contribute to efficient clearance of cell remnants and immune complexes through complement activation/modulation, opsonization and phagocytosis. Furthermore, emerging data indicate that CRP constitutes an autoantigen in systemic lupus erythematosus. At the same time, the increased risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis are well-established, with significant impacts on quality of life, accrual of organ damage, and premature mortality. This review describes CRP-mediated biological effects and the regulation of CRP release in relation to aspects of cardiovascular disease and mechanisms of autoimmunity, with particular focus on systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.