ReviewCancers2021
Combined Treatment with Immunotherapy-Based Strategies for MSS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Heating the Cold: Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of chemoimmunotherapy in patients with MSI-L/MSS/pMMR status metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of the tumor immune contexture in microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer treated with avelumab, cetuximab, and irinotecan.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Immunotherapy-based treatment patterns and clinical outcomes across lines of therapy in microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer: A real-world study.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- A New Paradigm of Bispecific Antibodies in Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Colorectal Cancer at the Crossroads: The Good, the Bad, and the Future of Platinum-Based Drugs.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Chemotherapy plus bevacizumabWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of PIK3CA mutations in advanced colorectal cancer using circulating tumor DNA profiling.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Factors influencing pathological complete response following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in locally advanced microsatellite stable colorectal cancer: a retrospective analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Colorectal cancer-infiltrating NK cell landscape analysis unravels tissue-resident PD-1Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Isobutyric Acid Promotes Immune Evasion in Colorectal Cancer via Increased PD-L1 Expression.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Prognostic significance of negative lymph node count in microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2024Article
- Sulfarotene Inhibits Colorectal Cancer via Mitigating Natural-Killer-Cell-Induced Stemness.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy triggers GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and sensitizes anti-PD-1 therapy in colorectal cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Cetuximab as a Key Partner in Personalized Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- Feasibility and Tolerability of Anlotinib Plus PD-1 Blockades for Patients with Treatment-Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Exploratory Study.Cancer management and research · 2024Article
- Progress of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy for pMMR/MSS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2024Review
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Medical Imaging Research Trends from 2003 to 2023: A Bibliometric Analysis.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy to reverse immunosuppression in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, deepening knowledge of the complex interactions between the immune system and cancer cells has led to the advent of effective immunotherapies that have revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm of several cancer types. However, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the tumor types in which immunotherapy has proven less effective. While there is solid clinical evidence for the therapeutic role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) and in highly microsatellite instable (MSI-H) metastatic CRC (mCRC), blockade of CTLA-4 or PD-L1/PD-1 as monotherapy has not conferred any major clinical benefit to patients with MMR-proficient (pMMR) or microsatellite stable (MSS) mCRC, reflecting 95% of the CRC population. There thus remains a high unmet medical need for the development of novel immunotherapy approaches for the vast majority of patients with pMMR or MSS/MSI-low (MSI-L) mCRC. Defining the molecular mechanisms for immunogenicity in mCRC and mediating immune resistance in MSS mCRC is needed to develop predictive biomarkers and effective therapeutic combination strategies. Here we review available clinical data from combinatorial therapeutic approaches using immunotherapy-based strategies for MSS mCRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.