Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34944826›Full record

ReviewCancers2021

The Colorectal Cancer Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Liver and Lung Metastasis.

Raghav Chandra, John D Karalis, Charles Liu, Gilbert Z Murimwa, Josiah Voth Park, Christopher A Heid, Scott I Reznik, Emina Huang, John D Minna, Rolf A Brekken

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Immune phenotype and RAS/BRAF status predict outcomes after lung metastasectomy for colorectal cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Raghav ChandraDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
John D KaralisDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7601-5776
Charles LiuSchool of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8932-8835
Gilbert Z MurimwaDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Josiah Voth ParkDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Christopher A HeidDepartment of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Scott I ReznikDepartment of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Emina HuangDivision of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2495-4370
John D MinnaHamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Rolf A BrekkenDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2704-2377

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. A total of 20% of CRC patients present with distant metastases, most frequently to the liver and lung. In the primary tumor, as well as at each metastatic site, the cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) contribute to tumor engraftment and metastasis. These include immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, and dendritic cells) and stromal cells (cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells). In this review, we highlight how the TME influences tumor progression and invasion at the primary site and its function in fostering metastatic niches in the liver and lungs. We also discuss emerging clinical strategies to target the CRC TME.

Indexed as

colorectal cancercolorectal liver metastasiscolorectal pulmonary metastasisimmuno-oncologynovel anticancer therapytumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID34944826
PMCPMC8699466

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.