ArticleCancers2021
Mesenchymal-Stromal Cell-like Melanoma-Associated Fibroblasts Increase IL-10 Production by Macrophages in a Cyclooxygenase/Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-Dependent Manner.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimodal blood based proteomic profiling reveals insights into mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Plasticity, signaling, and metabolic rewiring in melanoma persister cells.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Ectopic expression of GDF15 in cancer-associated fibroblasts enhances melanoma immunosuppression via the GFRAL/RET cascade.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Melanoma-associated fibroblasts in tumor-promotion flammation and antitumor immunity: novel mechanisms and potential immunotherapeutic strategies.Human molecular genetics · 2024Review
- Article
- The Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Pathophysiology: Pro-Tumorigenic Effects versus Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Targeting Melanoma-Associated Fibroblasts (MAFs) with Activated γδ (Vδ2) T Cells: An In Vitro Cytotoxicity Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Partners in crime: The feedback loop between metabolic reprogramming and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Melanoma-associated fibroblasts (MAFs) are integral parts of melanoma, providing a protective network for melanoma cells. The phenotypical and functional similarities between MAFs and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) prompted us to investigate if, similarly to MSCs, MAFs are capable of modulating macrophage functions. Using immunohistochemistry, we showed that MAFs and macrophages are in intimate contact within the tumor stroma. We then demonstrated that MAFs indeed are potent inducers of IL-10 production in various macrophage types in vitro, and this process is greatly augmented by the presence of treatment-naïve and chemotherapy-treated melanoma cells. MAFs derived from thick melanomas appear to be more immunosuppressive than those cultured from thin melanomas. The IL-10 increasing effect is mediated, at least in part, by cyclooxygenase and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Our data indicate that MAF-induced IL-10 production in macrophages may contribute to melanoma aggressiveness, and targeting the cyclooxygenase and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathways may abolish MAF-macrophage interactions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.